Analisis Makna Verba Tomeru sebagai Polisemi Dalam Bahasa Jepang

Tranika Rahma, Dewi Kusrini, Ahmad Dahidi

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna dasar verba tomeru, untuk mengetahui makna perluasan verba tomeru, dan hubungan antar makna dasar dan makna perluasan verba tomeru. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Objek penelitian yang digunakan adalah verba tomeru, sumber data yang digunakan adalah dari novel bahasa Jepang tahun 2000-an dan surat kabar dalam bahasa Jepang yang di akses di internet. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik catat. Data yang telah dikumpulkan dari berbagai sumber disusun lalu diklasifikasikan. Dari hasil analisis tersebut disimpulkan bahwa makna dasar dari verba tomeru adalah menghentikan, sedangkan makna perluasan verba tomeru diantaranya adalah menghilangkan (itami o tomeru), menahan (seki o tomeru), melarang (gaishutsu o tomerareru), mencegah (iku no o tomeru), mengikat (hari de tomeru), mencantelkan (uwagi o tomeru), mencatat (kioku ni tomeru), menginap (tomodachi o hitoban tomeru), dan memberi tempat tinggal (watashi wa oji no ie ni tomette moratta). Hubungan antar makna verba tomeru dapat dideskripsikan menggunakan dua majas, yaitu metafora dan metonimi. Penggunaan kedua majas tersebut adalah bagian dari linguistik kognitif. Pada penelitian ini, yang mengalami perluasan secara metafora adalah makna (seki o tomeru), (gaishutsu o tomerareru), (tomodachi o hitoban tomeru), dan (watashi wa oji no ie ni tomette moratta). Makna yang meluas secara metonimi adalah makna (itami o tomeru), (iku no o tomeru), (hari de tomeru), (uwagi o tomeru), dan (kioku ni tomeru).

 

 

This study aims to determine the basic meaning of verb tomeru, to know the meaning of varian expansion tomeru, and the relationship between the basic meaning and meaning of verb expansion tomeru. The method used is descriptive method. The object of research used is verba tomeru, data source used is from Japanese novel of the year of 2000s and newspaper in Japanese which accessed in internet. Techniques of data collection using the technique of record. The data collected from various sources is arranged and classified. From the results of the analysis it is concluded that the basic meaning of the tomeru verb is to stop, whereas the meaning of the expansion of the tomeru verb is to remove (Stopping the pain), to hold (holding the cough), to prohibit (no entry), to prevent (prevent the departure) , to pin (pin with needle), to nail (nailing with a safety pin onto the shirt), to note (recorded in memory), to stay (a one-night stay), and to give shelter (I was given a place to stay at home uncle). The relation between the meanings of the Tomeru verbs can be described using two figurative languages, metaphors and metonyms. The use of these two figurative languages is part of cognitive linguistics. In this study, which was expanded metaphorically is the meaning of (holding the cough), (no entry), (a one-night stay), and (I was given a place to stay at home uncle). Meaning that expanded metonymically is the meaning of (Stopping the pain), (prevent the departure), (pin with needle), (nailing with a safety pin onto the shirt), and (recorded in memory). While in the meaning of sinekdoke not found.


Keywords


Polisemi; Verba Tomeru; Makna; Majas; Hubungan Makna

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Published by:

Department of Japanese Language Education

Faculty of Language and Literature Education

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

 

     e-ISSN: 2598-1250                                p-ISSN: 2598-1234