PARENTING PATTERNS OF CAREER WOMEN IN PROVIDING CHILDREN ’ S MOTIVATION IN LEARNING

-Family is the first social group in human life, where he studied and expressed himself as a social human in the interaction with his group. The challenge of the 21st century makes women able to compete with the men in term of occupation. A lot of mothers today choose to play a double role in their life. Ideally, in running her role as a career woman, but also able to perform her duties as a mother. Parental guidance or parenting, especially mothers, plays a role to develop the potential of the child through the patterns of daily habits, both in the school environment, family and community. This is related to the application of parenting in a different family that creates different characters as well. This research used a qualitative approach. The subjects of this research were working mothers who have children who are studying at SMP Laboratorium UPI Bandung with the number of 6 students, 6 working mothers and a teacher. The method used is interview, observation, and documentation. The data about parenting of career women in motivating children learning was taken by using the method of interview and documentation. The results of this study indicated that the implementation of parenting of career women in motivating children’s learning, 2 informants from 6 people majority use the application of authorities parenting pattern, when compared with the application of parenting permissive pattern and parenting indulgent. The four parenting patterns emphasize the motivation of children’s learning both at school and at home. Children’s learning motivation who has career mother in junior Laboratory has a variety depending on the application of mother's parenting pattern in the family.


INTRODUCTION
Family is the smallest and most important institution in human life.It all started from family, studying, eating, drinking, walking and talking.Humans were preparing themselves to face the outside world.The formation of identity also begins in a family.Therefore both the bad structure of family and society give influence good or bad of child's personality (Kartono, 2002: 57).The theory according to the Kartono shows that a human personality will determine from the main environment which is family and the community environment.
In their development, children will face the phase of seeking identity where it is need of guidance of family.Higher intensity of meetings held by mother role.Where the mother's role is not only in cognitive development alone, affective and social development of children.Erickson (in Santrock, 2010) explains that teenage sensitivity needs guidance in his life to discover his true self.The primary needs and instruction will be found in the family.
Parenting in the family is very dizzy in the formation of the child's personality.In social science textbooks on the discussion of social institutions, it is explained that the main role is the role of the family institution as the personality influencer.One of its functions according to Horton and Hurt is the affection function.The function of affection that can build trust between children and parents.This is in accordance with the findings of researchers where children or students of SMP Laboratorium UPI have some things that indicate their lack of trust in parents, especially their mothers about school.
Basically the role of mother is very influential in the formation of the child's identity.Because the formation of a family on the basis of a single father and mother where the role of both felt necessary even in the growth of child.As in the Children do Children see video, the video shows that what parents do, children see and imitate.Some students have their mothers working in a private company, lecturers and some as a teacher, not a few who work in state-owned companies or in the government of Bandung / West Java.The researcher interviewed 3 students as basic data.The student has a mother with different background.There are students whose mothers work in one of the state-owned companies, coaches and teachers.
Different parenting patterns will affect the habits of children indirectly, both at home and at school.Parents who familiarize children to always learn at home will affect the child's learning outcomes in school.As stated by Surya (in Rahmawati, 2014, p. 3) "Parental guidance or parenting plays a role to develop the potential of the child through custom patterns that everyday life, both in the school environment, family and community".
Learning habit is one of the usual habits that is done at school is also done at home, so it can be said including one of the habits that occur in the family environment.So it can be concluded that the habits that motivate the child to learn at home are very influenced by the parenting pattern that is imposed in guiding the children.This research examines what researcher see in junior high school where researcher conducted Program Pengalaman Lapangan.Since the first observation in September.The researcher looked at different patterns of attitudes and the extraordinary background of most of the students at SMP Labotarium UPI.According to the teacher who is the vice principal there, most of the students are children of working parents.Including their mother.

II. METHODS
Based on the problems to be studied about the influence of parenting pattern of career woman, this researcher used qualitative approach.This qualitative approach according to Sugiyono (2010, p.15) suggests that, Qualitative approach / method is research based on post positivism philosophy, used to examine the condition of natural object, (as opposed to experiment) where the researcher is as the key instrument, sampling of data source is done by purposive and snowball, collecting technique with triangulation, data analysis is inductive / qualitative, and qualitative research result more emphasize meaning than generalization.
By using qualitative approach, this research is focused to analyze the application of parenting in family to provide motivation for children to learn.This research is aimed to observe how the learning pattern of children in school is seen from the achievement obtained by students both academic and non-academic.This research is based on the actual situation and the data collected is descriptive, then analyzed and used as the conclusion and recommendation materials.
Based on the definition above, this descriptive research can be used to give a comprehensive description and describe the facts found in the field.This is as revealed by Nazir (1988, p. 63) concerning the purpose of descriptive method is that: The purpose of this descriptive research is to make a description, picture or painting in a systematic, factual, and accurate about the facts, traits and relationships inter-phenomena investigated.
Descriptive research designs used by the researcher to describe phenomenon.In this study researcher will have more direct contact with teachers, students and SMP Labolatorium UPI Bandung because researcher used approaches between humans.Thus, the researcher searchs for detailed information more freely and data about the various things that are needed for the purposes of research.
Qualitative researchers as human instruments, functioning to set the focus of research, selecting informants as data sources, collecting data, assessing data quality, analyzing data, interpreting data and making conclusions on the findings.The main instruments in qualitative research is the researcher itself.However, after the focus of the research becomes clear, it will be developed simple research instruments, which are expected to complement the data and compare with the data that have been found through observation and interview.
In this study, the author is an important instrument that seeks to reveal data in depth assisted by other data collection techniques.As Moleong (2012, p. 132) notes that "For qualitative research human is the main instrument because it becomes all of the whole research".He is also a planner, executor, data collector, analysis, interpreter in the end he became a rapport of his research.
The research instrument used in this study is guided by interview guides, observation guidelines and documentation.The purpose of the use of this instrument is to complete the data in this study.Interview is dynamic or varied, for example in terms of time, so in the course of an uncertain interview.The interview is conducted with the teacher, student and parents.Then, the observations done by using the five senses including the eyes and ears, the researcher directly observed.Then the document obtained from the SMP Laboratorium Percontohan UPI Bandung.

The implementation parenting patterns of career women
From the results of the research with some students in SMP Laboratorium Percontohan UPI Bandung and their mothers, then the application of parenting performed by the working mother there are four kinds namely permissive parenting, authoritative parenting and indulgent parenting.
From those results, it can be seen that the more dominant pattern of parenting that is used by the working mother or career woman is the authoritative parenting pattern, then the indulgent permissive parenting and authoritarian parenting patterns.Here is a table of parenting patterns used by working mothers to their children who attended SMP Laboratorium Percontohan UPI Bandung.
In YM and A family, they more apply parenting authority and AT and NM family, they apply permissive parenting.It is seen from their parents, more specifically their mothers who give freedom of opinion and put forward the discussion or to exchange ideas between children and mothers.In contrast to families who applying permissive parenting that provides loose supervision of the child with no supervision.This is supported by Bumrind's opinion (Santrock, 2007, p. 91) who says that "Authoritative Parenting Authoritative Patterns that prioritize children's interests.This parenting encourages her child to become independent but still limits and controls her child's actions.Discussion is permissible and parents are supportive." This parenting pattern always puts forward the exchange of ideas between mother and child.Every child in this family is given the same opportunity to argue.If the child is having problems, the mother always prioritizes to talk to the child intensely.If the child eases the time the mother plays a chance to her children to discuss it negotiate well.But the mother is still giving the rules to the child both in learning and playing so that the child feels responsible as a student to learn but know his rights as a child who needs time to play and know how to spend time with friends.The authoritative parenting patterns applied by working mothers are thought to be right in the teenagers' growing youth.Where they are given the responsibility along with the right side by side.The child will live his rights but never forget his authority.Children will be much more independent and able to socialize well and appropriately.

The Effect of Career Women's Parenting
Motivation in learning is a psychological factor that considered as non-intellectual.The typical role is in terms of growing passion, feeling happy and eager to learn.Students who have strong motivation, will have a lot of energy to do learning activities.Learning outcomes will be optimal if there is the right motivation.Each parenting pattern will produce different children's characters and AT is one of them.From the four students who have working mother, AT's mother is the lowest motivated children.
There was an attitude that began to worry about the impact of working mothers, which is when the child began comfortable without the presence of parents, especially mothers.The same thing is expressed by Gerungan (1991, p.43) the negative impacts on working mothers.Another impact of working women is the vulnerability in communication between family members and familiarization within the family.Although the quality of time utilization is more important than quantity, working women need to provide adequate time, especially for their children.
The attainment of the highest parenting indicators is to take action, that is, the parent directs the child to a sense of responsibility, encourages learning, instills independence, instills honesty, encourages mutual help, encourages ability to solve problems and advises.While the parenting indicators' lowest parenting attainment is the mutual process of mutual giving and receiving, seeing everything from children's point of view, understanding children's feelings, listening to children's opinions, receiving parental advice and listening to children's complaints.
A woman is required to be a partner and a professional in a career, but still a good wife, and a mother who can protect her family.This is in line with the journal (fara Raisa 2013.Vol.2 / no. 1) every child has feelings of comfort and has close relationship with one parent, which is to the father or mother.In his study according to four of the six informants admitted that their children feel closer to the informant (mother).
Family has a very important role in guiding children to have good behavior.This can be realized in the role of parents who became the first role model and educator in a family because of them is the first children get education.
Based on the results of existing research and theory it can be concluded that the child has grown desire to be disciplined doing activities at home, the child has been disciplined based on the results of exercise continue to take care, understand what to do based on the guidance of the parents, and shows the sincerity of heart to cultivate discipline.Parenting parents in growing discipline According to the analysis and interviews conducted, it is shown that there are several factors that affect parents' parenting patterns in growing discipline in children can be divided into internal factors and external factors.In the family there will be a first and primary educational interaction for the child that will be the foundation of further education.Thus, it means the first and main educational problems, the family who hold the main role and hold the responsibility to the education of children -especially the mother.

Conclusion
From some subjects that the researcher observed, parents used authoritative parenting which is the pattern of foster mother parenting.This type prioritizes the interests of children.This parenting also encourages child to become independent but still limits and controls her child's actions.Speech talks are allowed and parents are guiding and supportive.Children whose parents are authoritative often behave competently socially and they tend to be self-reliant.Then parenting permissiveness allow children to organize and make decisions for themselves, even if the child is not ready for it.From some children have different characteristics or behaviors.Although parenting patterns used by parents are similar to other parenting patterns, but the characteristics of children will be different this is caused not only from parenting patterns that are used but also influenced by environmental and cultural factors that exist around the child's environment.Students of SMP Laboratorium UPI who have working mothers have different ways and have different motivation in learning.This is also related to how the parenting is applied by the mother in the family to motivate children in learning.From various parenting patterns used or applied by the mother work presents a different way of providing motivation in learning.In this case the parenting pattern with the motivation of learning, researcher in the field found that the adoption of authoritative parenting patterns do not always result in children competitiveness.

Recommendations
Some research suggestions that can be produced to meet the objectives and benefits of research are as follows:  For parents, to be more attentive parents who have to apply strict discipline in terms of learning, activities with friends, and children's activities in school with the rules, penalties, rewards, consistency and the dialogue between parents and children.In addition, the application of better parenting pattern of democratic parenting to support the development of a child's personality optimally that will affect the social behavior of children by providing a sense of affection and more attention to children.
 For Social Studies Teachers, it needs a better communication to discuss the development of children in school so as to build mutual awareness to cooperate with each other to guard the development of children.
 This research is limited to one school only, therefore for the next researcher is suggested to be able to expand the research area that is only in one school and can compare between one school with another school, so the information obtained more widely about the pattern of parenting career women in providing motivation to learn to children.