Karakteristik Pati dari Limbah Biji Salak (Salacca zalacca)

Budiman Anwar, Eva Nurjanah, Rizka Putri Aprilia, Soja Siti Fatimah, Ahmad Mudzakir

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Pati merupakan biopolimer yang keberadaannya sangat melimpah di alam dan harganya relatif murah, sehingga pati dianggap sebagai kandidat yang menjanjikan untuk pengembangan material yang terbarukan, berkelanjutan, dan ramah lingkungan. Pati dapat diisolasi dari berbagai macam tumbuhan dengan berbagai macam metode, dan karakteristik pati sangat tergantung pada sumber dan metode isolasi yang digunakan. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan isolasi dan karakterisasi pati dari limbah biji salak. Pati diisolasi dari biji salak dengan menggunakan dua metode yang berbeda yaitu metode 1: blend - perlakuan basa - bleaching dan metode 2: “perlakuan basa-bleaching-alkohol”. Pati yang diisolasi dengan menggunakan metode 1 dan metode 2 berturut-turut disebut PBS1 dan PBS2. Spektra infra merah PBS1 dan PBS2 menunjukkan puncak-puncak serapan khas untuk gugus fungsi yang terdapat dalam pati. Hasil analisis difraksi sinar-X menunjukkan bahwa polimorfi PBS1 dan PBS2 berturut-turut adalah pati jenis A dan C dengan indeks kristalinitas 20,19% dan 24,23%. Citra Scanning Electron Microscopy memperlihatkan bahwa PBS1 lebih menggumpal daripada PBS2 dengan diameter rata-rata berturut-turut 77 mm dan 66 mm. Pati biji salak mulai terdegradasi pada suhu 219 °C untuk PBS1 dan 236 °C untuk PBS2.

Kata Kunci


pati; biji salak; karakteristik pati; metode isolasi pati

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Referensi


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/ci.v2i2.51681

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