The Effectiveness of Distance Teaching and Learning Activities in Primary Schools

© 2021 Kantor Jurnal dan Publikasi UPI Article History: Received 30 Jan 2021 Revised 10 Feb 2021 Accepted 11 Feb 2021 Available online 11 Feb 2021 ____________________ Keyword: Basic, Covid-19, Effective, Technology Indonesian Journal of Multidiciplinary Research Journal homepage: http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/ IJOMR/ Indonesian Journal of Multidiciplinary Research 1(1) (2021) 1-6 Riyanto et al., The Effectiveness of Distance Teaching and Learning... | 2 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10. 17509/xxxxt.vxix pISSN 2776-608X eISSN 2776-5970


INTRODUCTION
The new virus pandemic with the name Corona virus disease was first identified on December, 2019, (kriswibowo & Utomo, 2020) so WHO named this disease Covid-19. Of course, a pandemic is very influential in life, not only in the health sector but also in all aspects, namely education, economy, sports and so on. With the pandemic all activities cannot be carried out as usual, therefore, start with life with what is called a new habit. In the era of new habits, it is strongly emphasized to always comply with the health protocol called 3M, namely maintaining distance, wearing masks and washing hands. With this health protocol, it is hoped that the chain of spread of the corona virus, which is easy to spread, can be minimized. Even at the beginning of the pandemic, countries carried out a Lockdown, namely limiting and isolating themselves at home for 14 days to avoid the spread of the virus quickly, but it seems that in Indonesia it has failed which results in the current case of Covid-19 is still high.
Education cannot be stopped because it is human nature to always learn at any time. Learning can be done formally, as well as informally and informally. Formal education consists of PAUD, Elementary Education (SD), as well as Middle School (SMP / MTS and SMA / SMK / MA). "Non-formal learning according to article 1 paragraph 12 of law number 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System states that non-formal education is an educational pathway outside formal education that can be implemented in a structured and tiered manner." (Nadila et al., 2020) Non-formal education helps students to have access to formal education units, helping students who drop out of school. Forms of formal education such as tutoring, private tutoring, computer courses and so on, which means that non-formal education can also be taken even though the student is currently in formal education. And for informal education, learning is from family and the environment, therefore informal education is very influential in learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Prevention efforts made the government revolutionize the way of teaching in times of a pandemic, namely by means of distance learning. Social media and certain learning applications play a major role in the livelihood of learning, but students, especially elementary level students or students who are still in elementary school, are already effective in distance learning. Because it really needs supervision in learning activities. The role of parents is really vital because parents must be able to provide learning from very broad social media. (Risalah et al., 2020) However, social media has a bad influence because it can cause addiction and laziness to learn. Besides, students often interact with devices which in the end they open online games which are very busy lately.

METHODS
The research method used is descriptive quantitative and online analysis to determine phenomena, events, and online social activities. Quantitative research is widely used in various fields of science because this research is the oldest approach adopted from research in physics and biology but adapted to other fields such as education, social and so on (Arifin, 2020)

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results of this study are from the observation of online learning of students of SD Negeri Plumbon 3 Indramayu online through the WhatsApp group. By looking at the data from the info in the application feature, I can find out who has read the assignment given and even for the collection of assignments through the WAG (Figure 1). Actually, for children of basic age, I am sure that the parents of these children definitely forbid to have a device because they are not of sufficient age and other negative effects if the frequency of facing the device may be that the parents are afraid that their child will suffer from abnormalities in their eyes, the radiation from the device is very high and even higher. from radiation generated by computer devices.
Obstacles to learning media are not only experienced by students, but also by teachers. The teacher is said to be "clueless" with technology stuttering, it is very unfortunate that if during a pandemic like this one does not explore information technology more widely, it should be used as well as possible. In this case, the teacher can only use WhatsApp social media for assignment collection only. They don't understand online learning media. Because not all students have the same economic condition, teachers do not seek information technology. Figure 2 shows the student who submit assignments. The next stage, the author conducted online learning education through WhatsApp social media, namely Zoom Meeting to students, teachers and parents of students. Educate the existence of online learning media Zoom Meeting by explaining how to use Zoom Meeting and others.  It can be seen from the number of students who have read the assignments given that only a few collected the assignments, this is not purely the students 'fault because maybe some of them also do not hold devices and even do not have some of these students also use their parents' devices as students in the group, the detail information can be seen in the Tabel 1 and Figure 3. Some of the students also cannot afford to have a device due to the economic condition of the student's family. There were 29 group members, 2 of whom were myself and the teacher, while for the total number of grade 5 students at SD Negeri Plumbon 3 there were 48 students.  From the data above proves that distance learning for grade 5 elementary school level, especially in SD Negeri Plumbon 3, Indramayu sub-district is still ineffective, the learning received by students cannot be ascertained of its quality, therefore during the current pandemic era, informal education may be very important. vital for the growth and development of elementary age students. Some of the ones I analyzed were diligent students such as Indah, Nadia, Evan, Adit, Bagas, Azis, Ilham and the rest were very passive in participating in distance learning.

CONCLUSION
The field of education is very important in the progress of the nation and country. Therefore, it needs to be emphasized again and not to be underestimated even though major events have occurred like now, namely the Covid-19 pandemic, but still the government must be more alert and ready to optimize education in Indonesia. Basic education is certainly the main foundation in children's character, including that elementary age children are the intellectual period. This period the child tends to focus on something dynamic and carry out various activities for their development. It can be seen that with online learning solutions that are being carried out now even semester 2020/2021 is less effective because only about 10% of students can take lessons.