Analysis of Cassava Peel and Pineapple Peel as Electrolytes in Bio Battery

This study investigated the effect of the ratio of the electrolyte paste mixture of cassava peel (CP) and pineapple peel (PP) on the voltage and current strength. In the experiments, prior to using, CP and PP biomass waste was cleaned then soaked for 30 minutes. Furthermore, the biomass waste is mashed and put into the test media according to the comparison. In this study, CP/PP compositions were varied with the value of 100: 0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75; and 0: 100. The results showed that the highest electrolyte obtained by voltage and current strength with a ratio of 100: 0. The more CP comparisons used, the greater the voltage and strong current. This research is potentially used as one of the renewable alternative energies and can utilize existing biomass waste. © 2021 Kantor Jurnal dan Publikasi UPI Article History: Received 30 Jan 2021 Revised 10 Feb 2021 Accepted 11 Feb 2021 Available online 11 Feb 2021 ____________________ Keyword: Bio-battery, Electrolytes, Cassava peel, Pineapple peel, Voltage, Current Indonesian Journal of Multidiciplinary Research Journal homepage: http://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/ IJOMR/ Indonesian Journal of Multidiciplinary Research 1(1) (2021) 59-62 Sitanggang et al., Analysis of Mixture Paste of Cassava Peel and... | 60 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10. 17509/xxxxt.vxix pISSN 2776-608X eISSN 2776-5970


INTRODUCTION
This bio battery research using cassava peel (CP) and pineapple peel (PP) electrolyte is important to do because it can create renewable alternative energy and can utilize biomass waste optimally. Substances in fruits and vegetables such as ascorbic acid and citric acid have the potential to produce energy cells, which under certain conditions these chemicals can act as electrolytes (Fauzia, Ashiddiqi, & Khotimah, 2019).
Similar studies have been carried out, such as research that utilizes the skin of the zalacca fruit which is used as active porous carbon as anode in sodium ion batteries (Arie et al., 2018), research on electrolyte paste characteristics of tropical almond fruit , banana peel as a battery material with a porous structure (Zhang et al., 2016), bio battery from areca peel paste (Ansanay, Walilo, & Togibasa, 2019), and studies utilizing papaya fruit for sugar-air alkaline battery (Proyera et al., 2016). However, there is no study about the bio battery with the electrolyte mixture of pineapple peel and cassava peel.
This study aims to determine the best voltage and current strength of the electrolyte mixture of cassava peel paste and pineapple peel paste. This research was conducted with an experimental method which was carried out in two stages, namely the manufacture of the electrical characteristics of cassava peel and pineapple peel, and testing the electrolyte characteristics of cassava peel and pineapple peel. The main novelties in this study are (1) using electrolyte paste of cassava peel and pineapple peel on a bio-battery, (2) testing voltage and current of cassava peel and pineapple peel as electrolytes in bio-battery, and (3) comparing performance of cassava peel and pineapple peel composition as electrolyte in biobattery.

METHODS
Bio-battery manufacture. Bio-battery were made from the mixture of CP and PP. All materials were obtained from Pangandaran Regency, Indonesia. The used batteries in this study are AA 1.5 volt ABC batteries. Figure 1 shows the process of making bio-battery in this study. This study used the variable comparison of CP and PP biomass which varied in to 100: 0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75; and 0:100.
Bio-battery performance analysis. We desired bio-battery that have high voltage, high current, and could turn on an electronic object. We did some bio-battery property tests to check the bio-battery voltage, current, and also test the bio-battery to turn on the 1.2V LED light.  Table 1 shows the results of measurements of voltage and electric current resulting from variations in the electrolyte composition of a mixture of cassava peel and pineapple peel. Cassava peel and pineapple peel can generate electrical energy because it has acidic compounds that can generate electric current (Supriyanto, Surtono, and Susanto, 2019). Based on the data in the table, the amount of voltage and current produced varies, depending on the composition of the mixture. This is due to differences in the content of acidic compounds in the cassava peel and pineapple peel. Cassava peel contains acidic compounds such as acetic acid (C2H4O2) and cyanide acid (HCN). Meanwhile, pineapple peel contains Citric acid (C6H8O7) (Kareem, Akpan, and Alebiowu, 2010).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The resulting voltage probably originates from the redox reaction that occurs between the H + ions and Zn metal. The mixture of cassava peel paste and pineapple peel paste acts as a reducing electrolyte. Based on standard reference data, the standard potential of Zn is 0.76 V and H + is 0 V (Tuurala et al., 2015). This is in accordance with our research that the resulting voltage varies between 0.70-0.83 V.
In this research, bio-battery with cassava peels paste and pineapple peel paste has been tested in turn on the 1.2V LED lamp. Figure 2 shows that the bio battery can turn on the 1.2 V LED light using 3 batteries in series. It shows that the electrolyte potential of the fruit can be used as an alternative energy.

CONCLUSION
This study aims to determine the effect of the ratio of the electrolyte paste mixture of cassava peel (CP) and pineapple peel (PP) on the voltage and current strength. The mixture of battery electrolyte paste with the best voltage and current is the CP and PP ratio of 100: 0. The more CP comparisons used, the greater the voltage and strong current. This research is potentially used as one of the renewable alternative energies and can utilize existing biomass waste.