Education The Effectiveness of Traditional Games on the Social Development of Elementary School Students in the Digital Age

In this digital era, the way children play has changed according to the times where children play modern games more often, thereby reducing children's social interactions. Therefore, the authors are interested in discussing the effectiveness of traditional games on the social development of children in this digital era. In this study, the authors used qualitative methods based on literature studies from various relevant sources, both books, and journals. By examining these sources which then the authors interpret in this paper. The results showed that traditional games can help children's social development. because a lot of value is social skills. In addition, traditional games can be an innovation in learning and extracurricular activities. Because traditional games have a lot of value in social skills. So that the task of developing elementary school-age children starting from social adjustment and social skills that must be developed through play can be achieved. Therefore, it can be stated that this traditional game is effective for the social development of elementary school students in this digital era. Besides that, cultural values in traditional games can also be preserved.


PRELIMINARY
The times are growing rapidly, technology is also experiencing very advanced growth. This affects the way or process of playing children. Currently, children are more familiar with modern games or better known as using digital, technology, and the internet. There are many modern games that are popular with children, both offline and offline (Anam, S., Ovaleoshanta, G., Ardiansyah, F., & Santoso, DA, 2017). Offline games like Playstation (PS), while online games like FreeFire, Mobile Legend, Video games, and many more. So that children do not know traditional games. Whereas traditional games are better for children's social development. With traditional games, how to play children have a sense of cooperation, togetherness, socialization, and mingle with his friends because he met in person. So that even though children are currently in the digital era, it is also necessary for children to get to know traditional games. In order to improve children's social behavior. Now, many studies are discussing traditional games. In addition to preserving local culture, this traditional game has many benefits. Yulianti, N., and Fuadah, A. (2020) researched a traditional children's game known as the lojo game in the formation of the hard-working character of Elementary School/Madrasah Ibtidaiyah students. In his research, he explained how the formation of the character of this hard work can be observed from the lojo game. The study also stated that this lojo game can be done in groups. However, the researcher did not explain its effect on aspects of children's social skills. Just saying that this lojo game can stimulate children's development.
Prastyan, RDN (2019) stated that traditional games strengthen children's character education which will affect children's social behavior in the environment. That way the implementation of traditional games can be implemented in various environments, both through formal (school environment), informal (family environment), and non-formal (community environment). In his research, he conveys many traditional games, equipped with how to play them and the values they contain. However, no discussion was given of what social skills and behaviors emerged from these traditional games.
Some of these studies did not explicitly discuss what aspects of social skills are contained in traditional games and are difficult to obtain in this digital era. So the author is interested in researching the effectiveness of traditional games on the social development of elementary school students in the digital era. In line with Rahayu, D., Hamid, SI, & Sutini, A. (2016) who expressed many aspects of social skills that can be developed through traditional games.

RESEARCH METHODS
The author conducted this research using qualitative methods. With this type of research literature studies from various sources, both from books and journals that are relevant to the research that the author adopts. The approach used in this research is descriptive analysis approach by making the source as the basis of theory. With the process of collecting, reading and studying then interpreting the data obtained as the discussion of this paper.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Based on the literature study that the author did from several journals related to the author's research. Where these studies show that traditional games help children's social development, both in children's social adjustment and aspects of social skills developed. The following is a table of data analysis that the authors found: competence. There is a difference when children have not played traditional games with traditional games. One aspect of the development of every human being is social development. According to Yusuf, S. (2007), social development is a person's ability to establish social relationships. Nurmitasari, F. (2015) stated that social development as an aspect of child development means the development of children's behavior in self-adjustment in accordance with the rules and social demands that apply in the community. With children being able to adapt, from the experiences and opportunities they get, they will build social skills. Social development will be more complex as you get older. There are several factors that can affect social development, including the family environment, education, socioeconomic status, maturity, and mental emotional capacity and intelligence of children.
In social development there are social and unsocial behavior (Suhada, 2019). Some social behaviors are sympathy, competition, cooperation, empathy, generosity, friendliness, friendly behavior, and imitation. Meanwhile, some unsocial behaviors are aggressive, powerful, rebellious, quarrelsome, egocentrism, and antagonism towards the opposite sex. This can appear when the child is in contact with other people.
Every aspect of development does not just exist immediately. Social development is not only based on awareness, but there are many things that can be stimulated. One of them by utilizing traditional games. Traditional games are the same as games in general. Activities that bring pleasure to the players and are carried out voluntarily with rules handed down from ancient times (Marzoan, M., and Hamidi, H., 2017).
In addition, it is said to be a traditional game because the materials used are very simple and easy to find in the community. Traditional games are also often referred to as social games because many types of traditional games are played by more than one person. In Febriyanti, U., and Saridewi, S., (2019), traditional games are also known as folk games. Traditional games are not only used as entertainment, but as a means of maintaining the social relations of an individual with other individuals.
In this digital era, it is unfortunate that this traditional game is rarely played. Many children do not know traditional games. Where children prefer to play modern games using advanced technology. Which does not contain social values because it relies on digital technology only. It is different from traditional games which are played without using the internet, but activities that are carried out together by meeting in person.
Even though there are many benefits of this traditional game. In general, traditional games are a means of playing for children without much cost, can increase caring and loving behavior for local culture, have high social values, have ancestral values, and can develop togetherness and kinship that children have from an early age. (in Hasyim, N., and Putri, ABU, 2017).
Nevertheless, it can be said that traditional games are effective as a means of children's social development. Through traditional games can help children's social adjustment. In social development, social adjustment is the child's first step in socializing because it will get a learning experience. Where children must be able to adapt themselves to social demands. It is known that at elementary school age there is one developmental task, namely social adjustment and socializing with peers. So traditional games that are done in groups and meet directly support children's social adjustment.
It should be noted that the social adjustment of elementary school students during school occurs since the beginning of new students entering school. In order to facilitate social adjustment at the next stage in a wider environmental reach. Therefore, children must achieve social adjustment with the guidance of parents and teachers, such as letting children play especially in this digital era (Syah, ME, 2020).
Besides, traditional games contain many aspects of social skills that must be developed. Among them are skills in adapting, controlling oneself, empathizing, obeying rules, interacting, working together, and respecting others (Kurnianti, E., 2016). With children developing these skills, they can avoid children's anti-social behavior, even better through traditional games to increase children's social behavior. In addition, traditional games are also competitive so that children can learn to compete in a healthy manner when playing with their friends.
In this digital era, the games that children play do not contain aspects of social skills like traditional games. The interaction is not as real as playing directly because the media that children use is digital technology. Even though children play in the same place, the focus of each child remains on gadgets or digital technology that has modern games in it. Technology is indeed increasingly sophisticated but the social development of children is not significantly increasing if there is no improvement from teachers and parents.
Not only that, traditional games can be used as learning and extracurricular media. With traditional game-based learning, students become more familiar. By using traditional games as media in learning, it can create competitive conditions between groups (Saleh, YT, Nugraha, MF, & Nurfitriani, M., 2017). Children will discuss and work together so as not to lose by their opponent. Although it is very common that elementary school students will experience things like gangs. The main thing that is important is the child's behavior in socializing, at least not being an anti-social child. The same goes for extracurricular activities. Where usually highclass students have extracurricular activities that students participate in.

CONCLUSION
One of the developments in children is social development which must be consciously pursued. Where children are expected to be able to behave in accordance with social demands. It is known that children in elementary school are having fun playing. With children playing there is socialization and communication with their friends. However, in this digital era, the way children play using digital technology hinders proper social interaction. It's a different matter when the ancient children played traditional games. Traditional games themselves contain many values of social skills. With children playing traditional games, children can learn to socialize, communicate, respect the opinions of others, obey rules, control themselves, empathize, and work together. Not just playing through traditional games that are used as learning innovations and extracurricular activities that can make them more interesting. So that children can become more familiar with discussing and playing with each other. And keep children away from being anti-social individuals.