Profile of Relative Age Effect (RAE) in Elite Pro Academy (EPA) Players of Persib Bandung Academy 2025

Rizki Mubaraq, Yudi Esa Saputra, Herdiansyah Agus

Abstract


This study aims to analyze the profile of Relative Age Effect (RAE) and the physical condition of the EPA players from Persib Bandung Academy 2025. RAE refers to the phenomenon of uneven distribution of athletes' birth months, which can affect selection opportunities and performance. The research method uses a descriptive quantitative approach with data collection through surveys including birth month identity. The results show that the distribution of players' birth months tends to be concentrated in the first and second quarters, indicating the potential for RAE in the recruitment process. This is among the first studies conducted on youth soccer in Indonesia. These findings emphasize the importance of considering RAE factors in youth development, to optimize the potential of all players.


Keywords


Relative Age Effect (RAE), Persib academy, EPA U16, U18, U20

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdullah, K., Jannah, M., Aiman, U., Hasda, S., Fadilla, Z., Taqwin, Masita, Ardiawan, N. K., & Sari, E. M. (2021). Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif (Nanda Saputra). Yayasan Penerbit Muhammad Zaini Anggota IKAPI. http://penerbitzaini.com

Augste C, Lames M. The relative age effect and success in German elite U-17 soccer teams. J Sport Sci, 2011; 29: 983–987

Al Ayubi, B., Ilmu Keolahragaan, F., & Negeri Yogyakarta, U. (2017). Profil Kondisi Fisik Pemain Liga Pendidikan Indonesia (LPI) Sepakbola Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY) Dalam Menghadapi Liga Pendidikan Indonesia (LPI) Tahun 2017. 6, 1–836.

Arridho, Q. I., Arwandi, J., & Yenes, R. (2021). Kondisi Fisik Pemain Sepak Bola. Jurnal Patriot, 3(4), 340–351. https://doi.org/DOI:10.24036/patriot.v%vi%i.737

Bangsbo, J., & Mohr, M. (2015). Fitness Testing in Football Fitness Training in Soccer II. Bangsbosport.

Costa AM, Marques MC, Louro H, Ferreira SS, Marinho DA. The relative age effect among elite youth competitive swimmers. European Journal of Sport Science, 2013; 13: 437–444

Dawud, V. W. G. W. A. N., & Hariyanto, E. (2020). Survei Kondisi Fisik Pemain Sepakbola U 17. Sport Science and Health |, 2(4), 2020. http://journal2.um.ac.id/index.php/jfik/indexhttp://fik.um.ac.id/

Delorme N, Raspaud M. The relative age effect in young French basketball players: a study on the whole population. Scand J Med Sci Spor, 2009; 19: 235–242

Fessi, M. S., Zarrouk, N., Di Salvo, V., Filetti, C., Barker, A. R., & Moalla, W. (2016). Effects of tapering on physical match activities in professional soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(24), 2189–2194. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1171891

Hancock DJ, Seal K, Young BW, Weir PL, Ste-Marie DM. Examining mechanisms that contribute to relative age effects in pre-pubescent female ice hockey players. Talent Development & Excellence, 2013; 5: 59–66

Horn RR, Okumura M. It’s time to eliminate the relative age effect in American soccer. Soccer Journal, 2011; 56: 38–40

Ileague.id. (2025). *Persib Bandung U20 - EPA Super League U20 2025-2026: Squad*. Diakses pada 24 Desember 2025, dari https://ileague.id/clubs/single/EPA_SUPER_LEAGUE_U20_2025-2026/PERSIB_BANDUNG_U20#squad

Krystian Rubajczyk1, Andrzej Rokita1 (2017). The Relative Age Effect in Poland's Elite Youth Soccer Players

Maliki, R (2024). Analisis Pengaruh Efek Usia Relatif Terhadap Performa Pemain Asing di Tim Persik Kediri

Müller L, Hildebrandt C, Raschner C. The relative age effect and the influence on performance in youth alpine ski racing. Journal Sports Science & Medicine, 2015; 14: 16–22

Nakata H, Sakamoto K. Relative age effect in Japanese male athletes. Percept Motor Skill, 2011; 113: 570–574

Nasrulloh, A., Prasetyo, Y., & Yuniana, R. (2021). Comparison Of Physical Condition Profiles Of Elite And Non-Elite Youth Football Players. MEDIKORA, 20(1), 73–83. https://doi.org/DOI:10.21831/medikora.v20i1.39547

Pramdhan, K., Nurjaman, I., Anshori, F. R., Juniandan, L., Fauzi, G., Mubaraq, R., Rojali, Y., & Taufik, M. C. (2019). kurikulum akademi persib. Akademi Persib Bandung.

Romann M, Cobley S. Relative Age effects in athletic sprinting and corrective adjustments as a solution for their removal. PLOS ONE, 2015; 10: e0122988

Romann M, Fuchslocher J. Relative age effects in Swiss junior soccer and their relationship with playing position. European Journal of Sport Science, 2013; 13: 356–363

Ryland Morgans 1*, John Radnor 1, Daniel Nisbet 1,2, Jose Teixeira 3,4, Toni Modric 5,6, Eduard Bezuglov 7, Halil İbrahim Ceylan 8, Ronan Kavanagh 9, Piotr Zmijewski 10, Rafael Oliveira 11,12 (2024). The Relative Age Effect across an International Soccer Programme in Male and Female Players Aged 12 Years Old to Seniors.

Salinero JJ, Pérez B, Burillo P, Lesma ML, Herrero MH. The relative age effect in Spanish professional football. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, 2014; 14: 591–601

Weda. (2021). Peran Kondisi Fisik dalam Sepakbola. Jurnal Pendidikan Kesehatan Rekreasi, 7(1), 186–192. https://doi.org/DOI:10.5281/zenodo.4452635




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jko-upi.v18i1.95435

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons Licensefree hit counter

View My Stats

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.