A Pancasila-Based Physical Education Model to Address Modern Cultural Challenges in Schools: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Each submitted manuscript should begin with an abstract The rapid development of modern culture has influenced students’ moral behavior and social interaction patterns, particularly within physical education contexts. This study aims to map the concept and implementation of a Pancasila-based physical education model at the elementary and secondary school levels as a strategy to address modern cultural challenges. Using a scoping review approach guided by Arksey and O’Malley (2005) and the PRISMA-ScR framework (Tricco et al., 2018), this research analyzed twenty scholarly articles published between 2015 and 2025. The findings indicate that physical education serves as an effective medium for internalizing Pancasila values such as mutual cooperation, social justice, and responsibility through collaborative and reflective physical activities. Pedagogical models emphasizing teamwork, sportsmanship, and value reflection have proven effective in strengthening students’ national character. The study concludes that Pancasila-based physical education represents a holistic educational approach that integrates physical, moral, and social dimensions, fostering the development of a well-rounded Indonesian identity capable of navigating the complexities of modern culture.