Richard Lionheart dan Shalahuddin Al Ayyubi dalam Perebutan Kota Suci Yerusalem

Rangga Syaelendra, Andi Suwirta, Wawan Darmawan

Abstract


This study discusses the strategy and pattern of battle carried out by Richard Lionheart, the leader of the Western nations, and Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi, the leader of the Arabs. This research uses a historical method consisting of four steps: heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. This research also uses a multidisciplinary approach by taking the concepts of war, leadership, and the holy city to discuss the research themes raised. Based on the study’s results, Richard Lionheart and Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi had different journeys in their background, occupying positions that made them leaders of two different nations, where Richard Lionheart became King of British. In contrast, Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi became the nation’s king. Richard Lionheart and Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi also have strategies and patterns of fighting that are different from one another, with their advantages and disadvantages giving each of them an advantage over their opponents. Besides that, the two nation’s leaders fighting over the Holy City of Jerusalem has the same importance to the Holy City of Jerusalem; for both the leaders of this nation, both Western and Arab nations, Jerusalem is a city that not only has a religious relationship for these two nations, which in addition to having the religious ties, the two nations also had the same historical ties in the past to this Holy City of Jerusalem. These two nations feel they have the same rights in the Holy City of Jerusalem.

Keywords


Richard Lionheart; Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi; Yerusallem; Perang Salib III.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abbott, J (2011) History makers; richard i the lion heart. Obooko Publishing.

Abidin, Z. (2013). Perang salib (tinjauan kronologis dan pengaruhnya terhadap hubungan islam dan kristen). Rihlah: Jurnal Sejarah dan Kebudayaan, 1(01).

Affan, M. (2016). Trauma perang salib dalam hubungan islam-barat. Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif, 8(2), 13-27.

Airlangga, T. (2020). Prinsip non-interference asean dalam perang dingin 1970-1990. HISTORIA: Jurnal Pendidik dan peneliti Sejarah, 3(2), 145-154.

Ar, E. H. (2011). Perang salib: Kontestasi antara kesholehan beragama dan ambisi politik praktis dalam sejarah perang salib. Jurnal Khatulistiwa LP2M IAIN Pontianak, 1(1), 44-57.

Armstrong, K. (1996). History of jerusalem. A.A. Knopf

Armstrong, K. (2001). Perang suci. Serambi.

Asmoro, N., Anwar, S., & Maarif, S. (2021). Peran intelijen dan perang psikologis pada agresivitas kampanye militer kekaisaran genghis khan. Historia: Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah, 4(2), 151-158.

Fauziyah, S. (2013). Perang salib: interaksi timur dan barat. Tsaqofah, 11(1), 122-140.

Fitriani, L. (2018). Analisis strukturalisme semiotik dalam puisi ibnu al-khiyath era perang salib. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Bahasa Arab, 4(4), 525-533.

Gottschlak, L. (2008). Mengerti sejarah. Penerjemah: Nugroho Notosusanto. UI Press.

Hamid, A. R., & Madjid, M. S. (2011). Pengantar ilmu sejarah. Yogyakarta: Ombak.

Hidayah, S. N., & Birsyada, M. I. (2022). Peranan ulama muhammadiyah dalam pembentukan aps (askar perang sabil) di yogyakarta tahun 1947-1949. Historia: Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah, 5(1), 81-88.

Hosler, J. (2018). The siege 0f acre, 1189–1191. Yale University Press.

Iqbal, M. (2022). Perang Salib suriah di masa dinasti ayyubiyah sepeninggal shalahuddin al-ayyubi 1202-1229 m (Doctoral dissertation, UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten).

Ismaun (2005). Pengantar belajar sejarah sebagai ilmu dan wahana pendidikan.Bandung: Historia Utama Press.

Kuncahyono, T (2008). Jerusalem: kesucian, konflik, dan pengadilan akhir. Jakarta: Kompas Media Nusantara

Markowski, R. (1997). Richard Lionheart: bad king, bad crusader?. Journal of Medieval History.

Muhammad, H. H. (1973). Perang salib perang pembawa rahmat. Al Jamiah, 12(2), 15-19.

Nicolle, D (2011). Saladin: Leadership-strategy-conflict. Osprey Publishing.

Pulungan, I. S., Ruslan, A., & Bandarsyah, D. (2022). Perang salib: pertikaian yang melibatkan dua agama antar kaum kristen dengan kaum muslimin. Realita: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kebudayaan Islam, 20(1), 88-102.

Reston Jr, J. (2009). Perang salib iii: perseteruan dua ksatria; richard si hati singa dan shalahuddin al ayyubi. Lentera Hati.

Styawati, Y., & Sulaeman, M. (2020). Perang salib dan dampaknya pada dunia. Realita: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kebudayaan Islam, 18(2).

Sydney, J (2004). The crusades biographies. Thomson Gale.

Sjamsuddin, H. (2012). Metodologi sejarah. Penerbit Ombak.

Sukarwo, W. (2020). Hambatan integrasi identitas muslim di barat: penelusuran konsep humanisme, perang salib, dan tantangan masa depan. Human Narratives, 2(1), 15-25.

Tangngareng, T. (2017). Perang salib telaah historis dan eksistensinya. Rihlah: Jurnal Sejarah Dan Kebudayaan, 5(1), 54-63.

Ulwan, A (2019) Shalahuddin al-ayyubi sang penakluk jerusalem. Al-Wafi Publishing.

Yusuf, M. (2020). Perang salib; sebab dan dampak terjadinya perang salib. Al-Ubudiyah: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Studi Islam, 1(1), 30-36.

Yahya, M & Halimi, A. (1997). Sejarah islam. Fajar Bakti Sdn Bhd




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/factum.v12i2.25787

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Rangga Syaelendra

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.