TRANSFORMASI TIPOLOGI RUANG KETIGA KARENA PENGARUH PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL
Abstract
Abstrak: Rutinitas manusia yang melibatkan kegiatan bermukim dan bekerja memunculkan kebutuhan untuk bersosialisasi secara informal dan kasual. Ruang untuk bersosialisasi ini menurut teori Oldenburg disebut sebagai Ruang Ketiga, dan muncul dalam berbagai bentuk seperti kafe, kedai kopi, restaurant hingga ruang terbuka kota. Sejalan dengan perkembangan teknologi digital dan peradaban manusia, karakteristik Ruang Ketiga mulai berubah karena perubahan aktivitas dan kebutuhan ruang penggunanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi literatur terkait Ruang Ketiga dan teknologi digital khususnya terkait immersive media dan pengaruhnya dalam penciptaan interaksi dan wujud arsitektur baru dari suatu ruang interaksi sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat jejak perubahan yang dapat diamati selama perkembangan peradaban masyarakat pada era sebelum perkembangan teknologi digital (Society 1.0, 2.0, 3.0) hingga pada era perkembangan teknologi digital (Society 4.0, 5.0). Perubahan tersebut dapat dilihat pada transformasi hubungan interaksi antara ruang dan bagaimana karakteristik keruangan yang baru muncul untuk mewadahi perpaduan interaksi sosial di dunia nyata dan di dunia virtual. Temuan yang dihasilkan dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai peran arsitektur untuk membentuk lingkungan sosial dalam suatu dunia virtual.
Living and working as human daily activities need to be combined with the existence of casual social activities. The space for social interaction is defined as Third Place based on Oldenburg's theory. It appears in various forms such as cafes, coffee shops, restaurants, and urban open spaces as well. In line with the development of digital technology, the characteristics of the Third Place began to change due to the activities and space requirements of its users. This research was carried out using a qualitative approach through literature studies related to the Third Place and digital technology, especially immersive media and its influence in creating interactions and new architectural forms of a social interaction space. This study aims to look at typology that can be observed during the development of society era before the digital ages (Society 1.0, 2.0, 3.0) until the era of digital ages (Society 4.0, 5.0). These changes can be seen in the transformation of interaction relations between spaces and how new spatial characteristics of space will emerge to accommodate the variety of social interactions in the real world and in the virtual world. The findings can provide an overview of the role of architecture to shape the social environment in a virtual world.
Keywords: third place, digital age, space, typology
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jaz.v6i2.54607
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