The Role of Ornamentation in Architecture: A Study of Madinah Mosque Tgk. Japakeh in Pidie Jaya, Aceh

Nazla Rahadatul A'kifah Azmi, Hendra A

Abstract


Ornamentation serves as a crucial decorative element in architecture, functioning not only as an aesthetic enhancement but also as a cultural and spiritual symbol. In the context of Islamic architecture, ornaments are widely employed to beautify structures while conveying profound religious meanings. These ornaments manifest in various forms, including geometric patterns, calligraphy, floral motifs, and arabesques each embodying distinct philosophical and artistic values within Islamic art. This study examines the ornamentation of Madinah Mosque Tgk. Japakeh in Pidie Jaya, Aceh, a historic mosque constructed in 1623. The mosque represents a blend of traditional Acehnese architecture and strong Islamic influences, establishing itself as an essential part of the local community's heritage and identity. The research employs a qualitative descriptive methodology with a purposive sampling approach. Data collection was conducted through literature reviews, field observations, interviews with local figures, technical measurements, and visual documentation. The findings classify the mosque’s ornamentation into four primary types. Geometric ornaments symbolize order and divine perfection, calligraphy serves as a spiritual reminder through Qur’anic verses, floral motifs reflect the beauty of God’s creation and the harmonious relationship between humans and nature, while arabesque patterns enhance architectural elements with intricate designs, representing continuity and spiritual elegance in Islam.This study highlights that the ornamentation of Madinah Mosque Tgk. Japakeh functions not merely as a decorative element but also holds significant historical and philosophical value. Consequently, preserving and understanding the meaning of mosque ornamentation is vital in safeguarding cultural heritage amid evolving times.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jaz.v8i2.80903

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