Improving Critical Thinking and Opinion-Expression Skills in Civic Education Through the BERANI Learning Model Among Fifth-Grade Students at SDN Kelayan Timur 12

Abstract

Civics Education (PPKN) learning in Grade V at SDN Kelayan Timur 12 showed low student engagement, which negatively affected students' critical thinking skills, ability to express opinions, collaboration, and learning outcomes. This condition prompted the implementation of the BERANI learning model to create a more participatory learning environment. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the BERANI learning model in improving both the learning process and student learning outcomes. The study employed a Classroom Action Research design using qualitative and quantitative approaches and was conducted over four meetings involving 27 fifth-grade students during the second semester of the 2025/2026 academic year. Data were collected through classroom observations and learning achievement tests, then analyzed descriptively using percentages and cross-tabulation. The findings indicated improvements across all observed indicators. Teacher activity reached the "Very Good" category, student activity increased to 81%, while critical thinking skills, the ability to express opinions, and collaboration each reached 85%. In addition, learning mastery improved from 63% to 93%. These findings indicate that the BERANI learning model is effective in enhancing the quality of Civics Education learning in elementary schools.