Peran Kepercayaan Lokal dalam Mendukung Konservasi Edelweis dan Pengelolaan Kawasan Lindung di Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru, Indonesia

muhammad gilang firdaus

Abstract


Artikel ini menganalisis sistem kepercayaan masyarakat Tengger sebagai bentuk tata kelola sosial-ekologis dalam konservasi kawasan Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru (TNBTS). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus interpretatif dengan memusatkan perhatian pada Desa Wonokitri sebagai titik artikulasi antara mitos, otoritas adat, konservasi edelweis, dan tekanan pariwisata. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan enam informan kunci, analisis dokumen, dan kajian literatur akademik. Dengan mengintegrasikan kerangka sistem sosial-ekologis (SES), pengetahuan ekologis tradisional (TEK), dan ekologi politik, artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa mitos dan kepercayaan lokal Tengger berfungsi sebagai arsitektur normatif tata kelola kosmologis yang mengatur perilaku ekologis masyarakat melalui legitimasi moral dan spiritual. Kosmologi prahyangan-pawongan-palemahan, otoritas Dukun Pandita, dan kesakralan edelweis Jawa (tanalayu) membentuk sistem perlindungan lingkungan yang otonom di tingkat komunitas. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa konservasi di TNBTS merupakan arena negosiasi antara tiga rezim nilai: tata kelola formal negara, tata kelola kosmologis masyarakat adat, dan ekonomi pariwisata. Artikel ini berkontribusi dengan mereposisi mitos dari unsur budaya tambahan menjadi pusat analisis tata kelola sosial-ekologis, sekaligus menantang paradigma konservasi arus utama yang mengabaikan dimensi ontologis dan politik-ekologis dari keberlanjutan kawasan lindung.


Keywords


tata kelola sosial-ekologis, masyarakat Tengger, mitos dan kepercayaan lokal, edelweis Jawa, konservasi berbasis kepercayaan

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References


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