Functional Movement Screening: An Early Detection of The Student Injury Risk in Sport Class

Sport class is one of the solutions taken by regional schools to improve achievements in sports. The process of recruiting sport class students has mostly conducted by using the talent scouting test method which consists of physical test and skill test. However, the implementation of sport injury detection test using Functional Movement Screening (FMS) is still insignificant. The purpose of this study was to identify the student risk of injury in sport class by using the FMS test. The research used ex-post-facto method. The research samples were 32 students of class VIII in the sport class at Baturaden Public Junior High School 1 (20 males and 12 females) aged 14 years in average. The research instrument used was the Functional Movement Screening (FMS) test with the validity and reliability of 0.81. Data processing and analysis employed the Criterion-Referenced Evaluation (PAP) with the help of Ms. Excel. The results showed that 56.25% of sport class students at were identified at risk of sports injuries. The results also showed an imbalance of strength between the right and left body muscles. The study concludes that the use of Functional Movement Screening (FMS) test is important to minimize the high likelihood of injury of the students in sport class.


INTRODUCTION
Sport class becomes one of the efforts taken by schools to train the students with a sport talent. Sport class is arranged to facilitate the students who have potentials in sport that are relevant to their talents and interests (Khodari, 2017;Kumalasari, 2019;Utami & Kafrawi, 2014;Wijayanti, 2018). Through sport classes, initiated from junior high school to senior high school levels, the schools aim to improve the competitiveness not only in the academic field but also in the sport field through the involvement in competitions or student multi events. Students who involve in a sport class have a special aim, for instance to be able to compete and to achieve achievements in student competitions in regional, national, or international level (Habibie, 2016;Mahendra, 2017;Sofyan Hanif, 2015) The existence of sport classes is important to the continuity of the competitive sport training in a region. The arrangement of staged sport class could help sport stakeholders, such as Sport Service, The National Sport Committee of Indonesia (KONI), Provincial Administration (PENGPROV), and Regional Administration (PENGKAB), to regenerate the athletes of a specific sport branch. The sport class training model is expected to be the alternative in the process of competitive sport training, besides training clubs, to find out talented athletes (Mahendra, 2017). The sport training process for students can be conducted successfully if the selection process is conducted suitably.
Talent is an important aspect in sport achievement (Syafei et al., 2020), thus the sport class admission test mainly emphasizes talent scouting test and skill test. Besides sport talents, the recruitment of the sport class students should pay attention to the physical, technical, moral, and emotional aspects of the students (Mahendra, 2017;Masputri et al., 2016).
Physical factor is one of the essential criteria to be concerned in the student recruitment test of the sport class, both from anthropometry and the physical performance of the students. The anthropometry test and physical performance test of sport class student candidates become the tests regularly conducted by the school in finding out the students with an anthropometry talent and a good physical condition. The result of previous research showed that anthropometry and physical performance support the motor skill performance in student training (Misfajar & Sulistyorini, 2019;Ratno & Nidyatama, 2019). In physical aspect, anthropometry aspect is not the only aspect that should be considered, but also the risk of injury level that might occur to the students.
Numerous research related to the sport class management, test and measurement of physical performance and skills of the student candidates of sport class, and the evaluation of learning process of the sport class in schools in Indonesia have been conducted.
However, the study related to the early detection of the probability of injury on sport class students is still limited. One of schools that has conducted a sport class training is Baturaden Junior High School 1 in Banyumas Districts.
Baturaden Junior High School 1 has been conducting the sport class program for the last three years, started from 2017-2019. In that period, the recruitment pattern of the student candidates was conducted by administering talent scouting on sport consisting of physical performance and specific sport skills. The admission test identifying or early detecting the risk of injury of sport class students has never been conducted, thus there was no any detection of the accepted students besides holding a good physical Copyright © 2020, authors, e-ISSN : 2580-071X , p-ISSN : 2085-6180 performance and excellent sport skills, also a low risk of injury.
Early detection of sport injury of sport class students is important to be conducted to find out the injury risk potential on certain parts of body that might prevent physical and skill developments of the athletes.
Sport injury is one of factors causing the decrease of performance of the athletes (Mitchell et al., 2016;Zein & Sudarko, 2020). The result of previous research shows that the prevalence of sport injury on the athletes is high due to the lack of detection, thus disturbing the athletes' performance (Alonso et al., 2015;Dines et al., 2015;Junaidi, 2017;Khairunnisa & Pitriani, 2019).
According to the data, an identification test of sport injury on sport class students is necessary. The analysis of the potential of the sport injury could be conducted by using Functional Movement Screening (FMS) (Pristianto et al., 2018;Warren et al., 2018).

METHODS
This research used ex-post facto method as the researcher did not conduct any intervention on the samples to detect the sport injury.

Participants
The population and samples in this study were all students of Baturaden Junior High School 1 grade VIII at the special sport class consisting of 32 students.
The respondents consisted of 20 male students and 12 female students aged 14 years in average.

Sampling Procedures
The decision of the number of samples used a total sampling technique by taking all of the population to be the samples of the study. The sampling procedure with total sampling technique was conducted by identifying the risk of injury of all students in a special sport class at Baturaden Junior High School 1 grade VIII.

Procedures
In the test and measurement of Functional Movement Screening (FMS), the samples did each movement of FMS consecutively; the score was then given according to the scoring system of FMS Cook & Burton, 2010) as presented in Table   2.

RESULT
The results of the research related to the risk of injury of the sport class students by using the Functional Movement Screening (FMS) method can be seen in Table 3. According to Table 3 can be seen in Figure 2.    Table 4.  shows that 9 students were in the safe from injury risk, while 11 students were at an injury risk. The injury risk percentages of the male sport class students of Baturaden Junior High School 1 can be seen in Figure   4.  Table 5.  At an Injury Risk 11 students of Baturaden Junior High School 1 are presented in Figure 5. athletes performance due to their vulnerability to injury (Meliscki et al., 2017;Suchomel et al., 2016;Zuša et al., 2015). The preventive solution that can be taken is giving a training program with adjusted loads on the right and left muscles, thus there is no strength difference between the two muscles.
Important notes for the stakeholders or the schools conducting a sport class program according to the research are: First, identification test of injury risk is a crucial step before accepting the athletes, so that the chosen athletes have a low risk of injury potential. With the low potential of injury risk, the probability of accepting athletes with a high performance is possible.
Secondly, students with a sport talent and

CONCLUSION
According to the results and discussion, it concludes that sport class students of Baturaden Junior High School 1 were identified having a relatively high risk of injury. Besides, the imbalance strength of the right and left body muscles was identified, where the right body muscles were better than the left body muscles. The high risk of injury and the imbalance of muscle strength of most of the sport class students of Baturaden Junior High School 1 could obstruct the process of sport training.

RECOMMENDATION
It is crucial to use the alternative identification test besides FMS test to support the research related to sport injury risk. In further research, a more variation in sample can be involved, for instance the senior high school students, college students, and professional athletes that have reached the physiological and psychological maturations. It is important to conduct FMS on athletes of various sport branches, whether from game sport, martial arts sport, or accuration sport.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers deliver a gratitude to the principal of SMPN 1 Baturaden who had allowed the researchers to conduct the research. Furthermore, we also deliver our gratitude to all sport class students of SMPN 1 Baturaden who had involved in this research.