The Effectiveness of Learning Media Digitalization on Increasing Independent for Indonesian Millenial Learners

— Changes that occur in social, economic, technological, and cultural arrangements along with times, require humans to be able to adapt to any changes that exist. Human development from generation to generation accompanied by modernization produces different characters from one generation to another. One of the most widely used generations today is the millennial generation which is considered very influential for society, especially in the field of education. The rapid use of technology in the world of education will be used in changing educational models, namely the growing distance and more choices of available learning resources such as e-books, and easy access to digital applications such as e-libraries, e-forums, e-journals. The purpose of this study is to find out how effective digital learning media is in increasing independence for Indonesian millennial students. This study uses a qualitative method by utilizing a questionnaire. The results of the study show that digital learning media is quite effective in increasing learning independence for Indonesian millennial students


INTRODUCTION
Following the current era and the impact caused by the pandemic is the emergence of distance learning alternatives that use digital learning media intending to provide and help students to continue to receive education since the start of the pandemic in March 2020.Research related to this title is as follows.First, Hanifah (2020) found that learning using technology was used as a support for delivering and receiving material, Second, Irwansyah (2020) found that online learning is distance and time-efficient learning with internetbased digital platforms without any physical interaction.Third, Parlindungan, et al (2020) argues that learning media will be a determinant of the delivery of good information to students so it affects their learning achievement.
Fourth, Fauzan (2020) found that digital media is a device that can access, produce, and work with digital data.Fifth, Nuriansyah (2020) found that online learning media is very necessary and affects the effectiveness of learning to master the available materials.a The next research regarding this research is the sixth, Halima (2020) found that online media learning can be implemented and used anywhere and anytime depending on the needs and facilities needed during learning.Seventh, Kustandi (2020) found that learning media is a tool that can help the teaching and learning process that functions to clarify the meaning of the message conveyed so that the lesson objectives are better and perfect.
Eighth, Husein (2021) found that digital learning media are learning media that work with digital data that can be processed, accessed, and distributed using digital devices.Ninth, Yaumi (2021) found that learning media are all forms of physical equipment designed in a planned manner to convey information and build interaction.Tenth, Kurniawan (2021) found that technological developments changed learning orientation from conventional learning to digital learning, making information accessible anywhere.The difference between this study and the studies above is to develop and prove to users of learning media that the effectiveness of learning will be obtained by using the internet more than face-to-face by adjusting the times and the literature on the underlying circumstances that students are required to be active in independent learning.Without assistance and without being accompanied by others anywhere and anytime.
The reasons for choosing the effectiveness of digital learning media are as follows.Digital learning media is a messenger technology that can be used for learning purposes and is a physical and communication tool intended to convey learning to improve the quality of learning.Various kinds of learning media include audio media, visual media, audiovisual media, various media, photographic images, maps, and graphics.The reason we chose this topic is to assess and find out the pattern of learning independence of children aged 11-24 years with digital learning media for example zoom, google meet, google classroom, google drive, and social media applications, because it is hoped that learning media can help students improve learning even though given the freedom to use digital media rather than face-to-face learning because it is considered more interesting and varied to attract interest in learning.The reason the researcher chooses independent learning is as follows.
Independent learning means learning on an initiative without or with the help of others to know many things to know the concepts and learning objectives.The steps of a good independent learning model are to determine learning targets, determine study times, determine the length of study, and adjust the speed of learning by deadlines and the abilities and progress to be obtained.The characteristics of students who can learn include having the freedom to take the initiative, having self-confidence, having a sense of responsibility to make decisions, and being able to adapt to the environment, Yuswohandy (2016) Millennial generation is a generation that has experienced a changing era where digital technology began to develop into all aspects of life.This research is based on independent learning using a system that can facilitate students to be able to learn more broadly, more, and variedly, it will produce characteristics including clear learning objectives, the material presented following competence, the correctness of concepts, clear learning flow, and instructions for use clear.
This research is also based on the theory put forward by Sumanto (2012) who stated that "digital learning media are everything that is used to channel messages to stimulate the attention and interest of students to carry out learning activities".Surayya (2012) suggests that "a tool that helps the teaching and learning process and serves to clarify the meaning of the message or information conveyed to achieve the planned learning objectives".Miarso ( 2004) suggests that "learning media are everything that is used to channel messages and can stimulate the thoughts, feelings, attention, and willingness of the learner so that it can encourage the learning process".Mujiman (2011) suggests that "learning independence can be interpreted as the nature and ability possessed by individuals to carry out active learning activities that are driven by motives to master the competencies they already have".
According to the research that will be discussed, the researchers found several theories about the use of digital learning media and the theory of learning independence which became the basis for making topics in this journal, among others.First, the theory put forward by Munadi (2008), namely digital learning media is everything that is used to convey messages and resources that have been planned to produce a conducive learning environment where recipients can carry out the learning process efficiently and effectively anywhere and anytime.Second, the theory put forward by Ali (1992) is that learning media are various types of components in the student environment that can stimulate the learning process.Third, the theory proposed by Romiszowski ( 2001) is that learning media is an effective medium for carrying out a well-planned teaching process.
The theory that suggests independent learning is as follows.Fourth, the theory put forward by Valle ( 2001) that independent learning focuses on the importance of individual responsibility regarding learning by building learning goals, trying to monitor, regulate, and control cognition, motivation, and behavior to achieve the goals to be built.Fifth, the theory put forward by Chaplin (2002) says that learning independence is the freedom of individuals to choose, govern and control themselves in the teaching and learning process.Sixth, the theory proposed by Mukhid (2008) says that learning independence is an integral component of the function of formative student learning.Seventh, the theory put forward by Latuheru (1998) that digital learning media are materials, tools, or techniques used in teaching and learning activities with the intention that the process of educational communication interaction between teachers and students takes place effectively and efficiently.
Eighth, the theory put forward by Scram (1997) digital learning media is a messenger technology that can be used for learning purposes.Ninth, the theory put forward by Oemar Hanalik (1980) says that digital learning media are learning methods tools, materials, and techniques used in the teaching and learning process so that the educational communication interaction process between teachers and students is more effective.Tenth, the theory put forward by Gayne (1970) says that learning media are various types of things in the environment that make students adapt to help to learn effectiveness.
Based on the explanation above, the formulation of the research problem is, does the use of digital learning media support effectiveness in independent learning?
Based on the explanation above, the formulation of the research problem is to determine the effectiveness of using digital learning media for independent learning.

METHOD
In this study, the researcher used a qualitative approach and the data were taken using data analysis, theoretical studies, and literacy observations on learning development.This research takes various theories that underlie the making of journals on supporting topics based on expert opinions and takes similar research sources for research references.
The method of collecting data results is to use research instruments, namely questionnaires or questionnaires because the questionnaire is considered to be able to collect results from the value according to the answer choices that will be collected later, in this questionnaire the researcher makes 23 questions, each answer has a different scale by analyzing the answers of the participants respondents and conclude the number of results that are the largest and the most influential on and supportive of this research.Respondents used for analysis were students aged 11-24 years as users of learning media and assessing the maturity of their learning independence.
The researcher distributed this questionnaire through WhatsApp social media is the most accessible and widely used application today.The number of respondents used for the research results is 35 people who have a lot of activities using digital learning media as educational support and as a starting point for measuring learning independence in each respondent.
This study aims to assess whether many respondents feel that using digital learning media will be effective in their independent learning system.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
To prove the results of the study using general data analysis listed with the aim of learning effectiveness among millennials using digital learning media Subheadings may be used when necessary, depending on the nature of the results/findings of the research.Based on the data taken from the questionnaire, it was found that there was the largest number of presentations of several questions: 1.In the table above, the largest presentation is always answered with questions by using digital learning media, there is no need to skip or be absent because the material can be viewed and repeated at any time to minimize missing material independently of which as many as 53,8% of respondents agree with the effectiveness of independent learning using digital media.In this table, the presentation is slightly different from the presentation of the second answer, namely often which is 34,6%, the third percentage is 7,7%, and the fourth percentage is 3,8%.
2. The second diagram shows that the percentage with the largest number of respondent voters is sometimes as much as.The respondents.In this diagram the percentage after using digital learning media, I can read recommended books and complete the assigned tasks independently with the most respondents is 46,2% as much as 26,9% and the third percentage is 25%, then the fourth is 1,9%.
3. The third diagram, found a difference because respondents tend to agree with the question I can proofread, read, write and review all the lessons learned for 10 minutes in more detail if using zoom, google meet independently without any help from others that is never because the amount obtained is 50,9%.This becomes an analysis that obstacles in using digital learning media are still often experienced and become difficulties for students.Respondent is an unstable internet signal.From this table, the number of the second answer chosen is always as much as 20,8%, the third percentage as much as 18,9%, and the fourth percentage as much as 9,4%.
The data in the table shows that the use of digital learning media is not the main reference in the independent learning process even though the data obtained from 40 respondents chose that it was easier to learn using digital learning media.The resulting data shows that face-to-face or practical learning alternatives are also needed to broaden the horizons of millennials for independent learning afterward.
From 23 relevant questions were posed with 4 answers and have different values on the diagram.Respondents are still greatly helped by digital learning such as zoom, google meetings, google classroom, or social media to support education.Given the unstable conditions due to the pandemic, the use of digital learning media is still very reliable for the teaching and learning process and independent learning.

Discussion
Based on the results of the analysis and survey of instruments conducted by researchers, it was found that millennials in the age range of 11-24 years have relatively the same assessment of the effectiveness of independent learning because of the frequent use of the internet, it is easy for them to use digital learning media every day which is comparable to the theory put forward by Yuswohandy (2016) The Millenial Generation is a generation that has experienced a change in times where digital technology has begun to develop into aspects of life.
With applications what is displayed also makes it easier for students to study digital learning media anywhere and anytime, so that in the modern era like now the sources and effectiveness of independent learning are of high quality and can be fulfilled properly.The easy use of this learning media is contained in the theory of Munadi (2008), namely, digital learning media are everything that is used to convey messages and resources that have been planned to produce a conducive learning environment where recipients can carry out the learning process efficiently and effectively anywhere and anytime with Goggle meet, Zoom, and Google classroom in an independent study.This is confirmed by Romiszowski (2001) that learning media is an effective medium for carrying out a well-planned teaching process.
Quotes taken from Halima (2020) found that online media learning can be implemented and used anywhere and anytime depending on the needs and facilities needed during learning.Based on the data above, respondents must also know the purpose of digital learning media that will be chosen for alternative learning independence to guide and balance teaching and learning activities and independent learning.There are so many goals of using digital learning media, including: (1) Making it easier for individuals to learn and understand material calmly and independently (2) The emergence of a lot of creativity that is generated without the help of others (3) Changing the way of learning and how the goals will be achieved after learning with independent planning (4)Facilitates repetition of material wherever and whenever to make independent learning more effective (5) Mastery of material that can be mastered independently in a short time.
Learning creativity developed by students independently using digital learning media will build the spirit of independent learning in all students' souls, such as the theory put forward by Valle et al ( 2001) that independent learning focuses on the importance of individual responsibility regarding learning by building goals.Learning, trying to monitor, regulate, and control cognition, motivation, and behavior to achieve the goals to be built, shows that the research carried out is real with the world of education today.As quoted from previous research, namely Mujiman (2011) stated that "learning independence can be interpreted as characteristics and abilities possessed by individuals to carry out active learning activities that are driven by motives to master the competencies they already have.
But not only that, before students use digital learning media for independent study, they must also know good forms of independent learning, including: 1. Compiling a learning plan and list by preparing a plan to be carried out, the learning system is more coherent and clear.2. Repeating the material learned for later learning and sharpening memory.3. Doing tasks or completing the material in terms of the specified time to minimize laziness and hone skills in doing what is ordered.
4. Have goals and achievements to be achieved to see the final success and achievement.

D. CONCLUSION
The survey data in this study shows that millennials feel that the use of digital learning media is effectively used to help independent learning because nowadays millennials are facilitated by internet access to enter existing digital learning media applications, especially social media, on the other hand in this study.Many millennials also like face-to-face learning which has previously been replaced.In this study, the author hopes that millennials will develop an independent attitude by involving all aspects physically and technologically as one of the challenges of the times for the future.
It is hoped that by making this research, students and millennials can develop independently without the help of others, especially in terms of learning, and can participate in the effectiveness of the teaching and learning system that can provide new and positive things so that it becomes an example for students and millennials who will come It is hoped that by making this research, students and millennials can develop independently without the help of others, especially in terms of learning, and can participate in the effectiveness of the teaching and learning system that can provide new and positive things so that it becomes an example for students and millennials who will come Learning independence has many indicators, including: 1. Motivation that makes a person aware and do self-study 2. A person's sense of responsibility to take responsibility for learning outcomes 3.One's initiative toward independent learning using digital learning media 4. Likes the problem so that it makes someone learn how to solve it.5. Discipline in using and utilizing existing learning media As researchers, we would like to thank the respondents and all components who took part in this research by helping and contributing more so that we can complete this research properly.