DYNAMIC ANALYSIS STUDY: IMPACT OF TIKTOK APPLICATIONS ON CHARACTER EDUCATION IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC

This study aims to explore an analysis of the effects of using the TikTok application as a new learning model in the arts and culture sector during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The author observes that there is a considerable change in behavior among the community, especially the millennial generation in the use of technology as a bridge for online learning, namely the increasing interest of millennials in using the TikTok application lately. The research study on this occasion was carried out with a quantitative approach, where data collection was taken using a questionnaire technique. The measurement technique uses a Likert scale from a range of 1-5. The object of the research was focused on junior high school students, which was carried out using the Random Sampling Technique in which 103 participants were recorded. The Research Question is focused on exploring the relationship of this application with a new learning approach to arts and culture. The results showed that as many as 62.1% of respondents strongly agreed to help adjust traditional dance moves, 70.9% helped memorize movement choreography, 68% helped to recognize modern dance, and 57.3% agreed that this application helps understand cultural arts learning. Article History: Received 22 Agustus 2021 Revised 18 September 2021 Accepted 29 Oktober 2021 Available online 15 November 2021 ____________________ Keyword: Learning; Model; Pandemic Covid-19; TikTok. Introduction The outbreak of the Corona Virus (COVID-19) was first announced to the public at the end of 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China (Nishiura et al., 2020). This virus outbreak has had a tremendous impact in transforming all aspects of human life, so this has become a significant concern not only among officials, doctors, religious leaders, even researchers who are enthusiastic about exploring this covid discourse around the world (Albarello et al., 2020; Religio Education Journal homepage: https://ejournal.upi.edu/index.php/religio/index e-mail: religio.education_journal@upi.edu Religio Education, Volume 1 (2) (2021) 117-124

. The education sector is one of the sectors experiencing strong turbulence as a result of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, the transformation of face-to-face learning into online learning, the curriculum is being restructured, as well as the education culture at the school and university levels in various foreign countries (Hadar et al., 2020). China, as the most vital economic country in the world, Covid-19 made the government change policies in reformulating the education system to online-based education. According to Xue, there are at least four main challenges that the education system in China must face; 1) Weak and inadequate infrastructure, especially in remote areas, 2) Traditional teaching habits are brought into the online learning space, 3) Uneven distribution of the quality of competent teachers, 4) Weak learning interactions which have an impact on the impact of poor learning (Xue et al., 2020). Furthermore, in Trinidad Tobago, the closure of educational institutions by the government in order to suppress Covid-19 patients, even though it is bridged with online learning, still creates a sense of concern among educators about the inability of students' national adaptation to change (Kalloo et al., 2020). UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), as one of the World Institutions that oversees education and culture, predicts a change in student behavior worldwide as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which terms it with the abbreviation VUCA Volatility (nature, speed, volume, and dynamics). change); Uncertainty (lack of predictability of problems and events); Complexity (problem confounders and surrounding factors); and Ambiguity (the blurring of reality and the meaning of mixed conditions) (Hadar et al., 2020). The success of education will not be separated from the role of teachers who have excellent and ideal characters in facing this challenge. Changes in the character and thinking patterns of teachers are needed at this time. In their research study, Mitchel and colleagues found facts in the field that there is a strong emphasis on the urgency of a teacher's creative and imaginative abilities in the online learning process (Kalloo et al., 2020). In line with Kalloo, Ladar emphasized that the character of a teacher during the Covid-19 era must have socioemotional competence (Hadar et al., 2020). Teachers are currently required to have high innovation competence, social-emotional competence and give birth to an online learning process needed and liked by today's students (Ellis et al., 2020). Even in England, a country known to be very advanced in its education system, during the Covid-19 pandemic, teachers were directed to have pedagogic agility during the online learning process (Kidd & Murray, 2020). In the teachings of Islam, the key to the success of the educational process both during Covid-19 and not is strongly related to the characteristics of an ideal teacher who can become an example for his students, especially at this time (Rawwas, 1988).
Research studies conducted by UNESCO can be used as a reference for the picture that the psychology of students has experienced shock, anxiety, stress, heavy pressure, uncertain health due to the presence of the Covid-19 virus in the last three years. The impact is so massive, especially in the education system, which inevitably transforms from face-to-face to online learning. Cultural arts learning is one of the areas that have experienced this impact. Therefore the competence of teachers in concocting fun, creative, and light learning, becomes the main focus of attention. Recently, a relatively new contemporary social phenomenon has emerged, namely the increasing number of users of the TikTok application as a place to channel creativity. So what is TikTok? According to some experts, the TikTok application is a social media platform in music videos that was first introduced to the public space by China in September 2016. Since its appearance in 2018, it seems that this application can attract the millennial generation's interest. This application has been recorded as many as 45 downloads, 8 million times. Citing data informed by Kompas daily, 10 million people are active users of this application in Indonesia. This means that for the education system, this is an excellent opportunity as a bridge to bring art and culture learning closer, which has been known as monotonous, rigid, obsolete learning, into more exciting learning.
This study aims to conduct an exploratory study related to the dynamic development of the use of this application among millennials. In the author's opinion, a detailed and measurable picture will be beneficial as a step to implementing the right strategy, what kind of learning model is still relevant to the arts and culture field. From the author's search, international studies related to the TikTok discourse have at least been carried out but not so many. The graph of the increase in the number of publications occurred after the Covid-19 Pandemic Outbreak (Du et al., 2020). For example, Gabriel Weiman, in his research study entitled research Note: Spreading Hate on TikTok, found that currently, in 2020, there are nearly 1.5 billion active users of this application, where the majority are teenagers. A negative note that must be monitored is the misuse of this application towards the phenomenon of spreading hate speech on social media (Weimann & Masri, 2020). However, this study found a new fact that the TikTok application, on the one hand, can be a fast vehicle for introducing Cultural Arts because the presence of TikTok seems to be favored by millennial students. This research will answer the main focus of research questions about how the dynamics of using the TikTok application in learning Arts and Culture, what positive sides are generated from this application, and what problems must be addressed so that the opposing side can be minimized.

Method
This analytical research uses a quantitative approach, where the object of the research is students with an age range of 12-14 years. The participants who took part in this survey were 103 people, of which 83 people came from the female group, while the remaining 20 came from the male group.

Data collection technique
Collecting data, the author tries to use a questionnaire or questionnaire method. This technique aims to collect data directly from the community that is taken as a sample. This technique is used to obtain primary data on factors that influence the interest in the covid-19 virus TikTok application as a medium for learning arts and culture among junior high school.

Measurement Scale
This study using a Likert Scale measurement where this type is usually used to measure attitudes, opinions, and perceptions of a person or group of people about social phenomena. To give a Likert scale score is as follows: -Answer Strongly Agree (SS) is given a score of 5 -Answer Agree (S) is given a score of 4 -Neutral Answer (N) is given a score of 3 -Disagree Answers (TS) are given a score of 2 -Strongly Disagree (STS) answers are given a score of 1 Question instruments -The TikTok application makes you more creative in many ways, such as dancing to the tempo/beats -With the TikTok application, it is easier for you to find traditional dance moves -The TikTok application makes it easy for you to quickly memorize the motion -The TikTok application makes it easy for you to find out more folk dances -Tiktok app makes you easy to know more modern dance -Agree or not, and the Tiktok application is used as a medium for learning arts and culture -You spend more time with the TikTok app than studying -With this TikTok application, is your study time hampered? -Does this TikTok application make you more confident in dancing? -With this TikTok application can motivate you before doing learning -With the TikTok application, you can reduce stress -Tiktok application, in your opinion, increases individual piety -Tiktok application can eliminate boredom

Results and Discussion
From the collected google form diagram results, the research data shows that junior high school students with the age range of 12-14 years are more fond of the dance learning process using the TikTok application. The details of the collected research data are described in the table below: The author tries to propose several analytical tools related to the research data obtained as described in the table above-first, the TikTok Application technology from a religious perspective. According to the author, the TikTok application is just a tool where the legal status can be attached according to how the tool is used. Islam is a religion that has principles on things that are good and beneficial, away from things that are destructive and dangerous, which in religious terminology this concept is called maqashid sharia (An-Najjār, 2015;Azhar, 2010;Shahīd, 2015). From the data above, using this application for some students can affect the psychological and spiritual aspects, with 39.8% of them agreeing, although some 45.6% disagree. On the other hand, this application is considered to eliminate boredom and stress for students. In response to this, the author takes the opinion of Sayyid Muhammad bin Alawi Al-Maliki, an international cleric, where he argues that in Islamic teachings, the TikTok application can be seen as something new that has never happened in the time of the Prophet Muhammad. However, his position is the same as with the use of technology. It is only a tool, so the legal status may or may not be returned depending on the intention (Al-Mālikī, 2004). Furthermore, in one of his works, an Egyptian international scholar named Prof Muhammad Imarah found that there are several narrations where the Companions actually performed one tasyakur bi ni'mah in one condition decorated with one condition rhythmic accompaniment. In essence, once again, in the author's opinion, this TikTok application is legal, as is the rule of proper fiqh Al-Ashlu fi Al-Asy'ya Lil Ibahah (the legal basis for something, in the beginning, is permissible).
The author sees that TikTok, on the positive side, can be used as a model for a new learning approach not only for Arts and Culture, it can also develop into other subject areas. With the development of technology that is getting faster, the learning process seems at this time almost does not meet the gaps as it did in the past. Today, we can see that many people are carrying out the increase in learning or online seminars. Even Li Xue, a Chinese intellectual, projects that in the future, he will photograph online learning based on three strong projections; 1) Large Scale (large size), 2) openness (openness), and 3) socialization (socialization) (Xue et al., 2020). We cannot have to adapt to the times, and this is also highly recommended by Islamic teachings. in the Western world, recently, intellectuals are competing to find new learning models that are more effective and efficient online (Varea & González-Calvo, 2020;Xue et al., 2020). Indonesian Muslim scholars must follow the example of what they have done; competing in goodness is a religious commandment.
Good learning is learning that can maximize the potential for developing cognitive, affective, and psychomotor attitudes of its students (Parhan et al., 2021). Learning that combines audio and visual is seen as the ideal combination of learning in the 21st century. In general, both in Indonesia and in Western countries, music is already popular; even some scientific research explains the critical role of music to increase brain sharpness. One of the researches discussing this discourse was developed by Judy Lewis in the title How children listen: multimodality and its implications for K-12 music education and music teacher education where she found that music has benefits that can help children's brain development, especially in current conditions (Lewis, 2020). Even from a religious perspective, although there are pros and cons in the legal status of music, the author sees that a moderate or moderate attitude can be a wise path. One of the international scholars, Yusuf Al-Qardhawi, views that music is allowed; however, he applies some notes so that the music heard can be beneficial and does not conflict with Islamic teachings (Al-Qardhawi, 2007, 2009. Islam is a religion of peace that loves goodness, loves benefit, and rejects damage and harm (Al-Mālikī, 2003, 2008. Concerning the studies that have developed related to the TikTok research discourse, in the research conducted by the author, there is at least some scientific research that touches on this issue, including a study conducted by Sujatha Subramanian entitled Bahujan girls' anticaste activism on TikTok where she found facts that there is a misuse of this application by some groups of women in India, according to which the TikTok application is seen as causing cultural degradation in society (Subramanian, 2021). Another study conducted by Xin Du, a Chinese scholar in his research entitled 'I want to record and share my wonderful journey': Chinese Millennials' production and sharing of short-form travel videos on TikTok or Douyin. Order to advertise the tourism industry of a place (Du et al., 2020). In terms of art, a study conducted by Rose Martin and Scott Brook explained that today's dance arts could be improved by tuning music that is in harmony with the rhythm (Brook et al., 2020;Heyang & Martin, 2020). However, some Indonesian scholars pay attention to this discourse, such as that of Setyo Yanuartuti, where his research concludes that the TikTok application can be helpful as a place for creativity in learning arts and culture (Luisandrith & Yanuartuti, 2020).
The last point, the existence of the opposing sides of the TikTok Application, is a big job that we must consider. Together, a reasonable effort is that there is a serious concern from all components from top to bottom, from the government to the individual community, there is sensitivity to new phenomena in the dimension of modernity, which must be responded to well and quickly. Anticipating the wrong side, according to the author, apart from top-down integration, the role of teachers and parents is very much needed to monitor, guide, and educate students so that they do not get carried away into harmful content.

Conclusion
The child's talent in dancing, the child can dance in the TikTok application. Influence on children's learning: Children are more enthusiastic and not quickly bored in dance learning using the TikTok application to memorize the movements quickly-the impact of the application for school children. Positive impact, learning in the art of dance becomes more fun to make children more creative, innovative, and interactive. The negative impact is that children become dependent on the TikTok application and only like subjects. This research is focused on scientifically reviewing the data contained in the field in an accurate and relevant manner. The linkage of the TikTok application in learning media is very influential for more effective learning for the current millennial generation. The teacher selects the media by adjusting the material being taught so that students can understand the material well.