TRIANGLING BELLOW’S SEIZE THE DAY

Nita Novianti

Abstract


Abstract

Over the years, new theories of literary criticism have invariably emerged as a response, critique to, and development of the earlier criticisms. This paper introduces a relatively new literary theory that can enrich the repertoire of literary criticism in Indonesian context, namely family systems therapy or FST, through a critical analysis of Seize the Day by Saul Bellow, an American author whose works mainly deal with the theme of family and the issues revolving it. Partly a critique to Freud’s psychoanalysis and its variants, family systems therapy holds that one’s identity is a part of a matrix of identity, thereby requiring the analysis of one’s interrelatedness with the others involved in the matrix in order to understand one’s self. The analysis shows that the protagonist of the novel, Wilhelm, is involved in a triangle in his effort to cope with his anxiety. Triangling is also found to be merely one of the many outlets for the protagonist’s anxiety. The paper concludes that family systems theory is appropriate to critically analyze literary works dealing with family matters, such as Seize the Day. This theory offers new insights not only into the practice of literary criticism but also into seeing problems in life.

Keywords: Family systems therapy, triangle, anxiety

 

 Abstrak

Teori-teori kritik sastra terus bermunculan, baik sebagai tanggapan, kritik, atau perkembangan dari teori-teori sebelumnya. Makalah ini memperkenalkan sebuah teori yang cukup baru yang bisa memperkaya khasanah kritik sastra di Indonesia, yaitu terapi sistem keluarga, melalui sebuah analisis terhadap novel berjudul Seize the Day karangan Saul Bellow, seorang penulis Amerika yang karya-karyanya terutama mengangkat tema keluarga dan permasalahan yang melingkupinya. Sebagai kritik terhadap teori Psikoanalisis oleh Freud dan variasi-variasinya, terapi sistem keluarga percaya bahwa identitas seseorang adalah bagian dari matriks identitas, sehingga analisis terhadap keterhubungan seseorang dengan orang lain yang terlibat dalam matriks tersebut diperlukan jika ingin memahami diri seseorang. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa protagonis novel tersebut, Wilhelm, terlibat dalam sebuah hubungan segitiga atau triangling dalam usahanya untuk menghadapi kegelisahan hidupnya; selain itu, hubungan segitiga hanyalah satu dari sekian jalan keluar untuk kegelisahan yang dihadapi protagonis. Makalah ini menyimpulkan bahwa teori psikoterapi keluarga cocok untuk menganalisis secara kritis karya-karya sastra yang berkenaan dengan masalah keluarga, seperti Seize the Day. Teori ini menawarkan sudut pandang baru, tidak hanya terhadap praktik dalam kritik sastra, tapi juga terhadap cara melihat permasalahan dalam hidup.

Kata kunci: Terapi sistem keluarga, segitiga, kegelisahan.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adams, J. (2005). Reading the Family Dance: Family Systems Therapy and Literary Study (Review). College Literature 32.3: 196-199.

Bellow, S. (1996). Seize the Day. London: Penguin Books. Print.

Bradbury, M. (2012) “The Fifties Novels: The Adventure of Augie March, Seize the Day, and Henderson the Rain King.” Critical Insights: Saul Bellow. Ed. Allan Chavkin. Pasadena: Salem Press. 187-206. Print.

Chavkin, A. (ed). (2012).“On Saul Bellow.” Critical Insights: Saul Bellow. Pasadena: Salem Press.3-20. Print.

Chavkin, A., & Nancy F. C. (2011).“A Family Systems Theory Approach to Saul Bellow's Herzog. Saul Bellow Journal 24,1: 55-63.

---------. (2011)“Family Dynamics in Henderson the Rain King.” Saul Bellow Journal 24,2: 16-28.

Clayton, J.J. (1985). In Defense of Man. Indiana University Press.. 128-34. Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. (Ed). James Draper. Vol. 79. Detroit, MI: Gale Research Co., 1985. 79-83. Print.

Filbert, R. (2006).“Nuclear Family Emotional System.” The Eight Concepts of Bowen Theory. Falls Church, Virginia: Leading Systems Press. 4-120. Print.

Kerr, M.E., & Murray, B. (1988). Family Evaluation. Manhattan: W.W. Norton. 73-85. Print.

Knapp, J. (1997).V. Family Systems Psychotherapy and Literature: An Introduction. Style, 31.2: 223- 254.

----------.(2004).“Family-Systems Psychotherapy and Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism: A Comparative Critique. Mosaic (Winnipeg), 37,1: 1-27.

----------. (2003).“Family Systems Therapy and Literary Study: An Introduction.” Reading the Family Dance: Family Systems Therapy and Literary Study. Eds. John V. Knapp and Kenneth Womack. Newark: University of Delaware Press. 13-26.

Nichols, M., & Schwartz, R.C. (Eds).(2007). “Bowen Family Systems Therapy.” Family Therapy: Concepts and Methods. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, Inc. 81-101. Print.

Nilsen, N.H. (1978)“Saul Bellow and Wilhelm Reich.”American Studies in Scandinavia, 10 (1978): 81-91.

Prochaska, J.O., & Norcross, J.C.(2007) Systems of Psychotherapy, A Transtheoritical Analysis. Belmont: Thomson Brooks/Cole. 373-5. Print.

Rani, R. (2014).“Quest Motif in Saul Bellow’s Seize the Day.” International Journal of Research (IJR) 1,5: 954- 967.

Schiff, S. (2006). “Family Systems Theory as Literary Analysis: The Case of Philip Roth.” Philip Roth Studies 2.1: 25-46.

Titelman, P. (2008). “The Concept of the Triangle in Bowen Theory.” Triangles: Bowen Family Systems Theory Perspectives. New York: Haworth. 3-60. Print.

Trowbridge, C.W. (1967). “Water Imagery in ‘Seize the Day.’” Critique: Studies in Modern Fiction. 9,3: 62-73. Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. (Ed). James Draper. Vol. 79. Detroit, MI: Gale Research Co., (1985). 70-75. Print.

Witteveld, P. (2004). “Tamkin the Trickster: Laughter and Trembling before the Immanence of the Essential in Saul Bellow’s Seize the Day.” Saul Bellow Journal 20.2: 19-41.

Weiss, D. (1985). “Caliban Prospero: A Psychoanalytic Study on the Novel of Seize the Day, by Saul Bellow.” The Critic Agonistes. Washington: University of Washington Press. 185-216. Print.

Yuanita, S. (1992).“An Analysis of Tommy Wilhelm's tragic life in Saul Bellow's Seize the Day.” Undergrad. Thesis. Universitas Kristen Petra.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/bs_jpbsp.v15i2.1243

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2015 Jurnal Bahasa & Sastra



    p-ISSN 1412-0712  |  e-ISSN 2527-8312

Lisensi Creative Commons

JPBS is published by:

Fakultas Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra (Faculty of Language and Literature Education), Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia,

in cooperation with

TEFLIN, and APPBIPA

View My Stats