Automatic Electric Current Detection and Protection System Based on IoT

Emelissa Norniza Nozarul, Alias Masek

Abstract


Electrical safety is a crucial aspect of both domestic and commercial electrical systems, as failure to detect excessive current can cause equipment damage and increase the risk of fire. This project aims to design, develop, and test an IoT-based Automatic Electric Current Detection and Protection System to enhance electrical safety through real-time monitoring and automatic alerts. The system integrates current and power measurement sensors, an ESP32 microcontroller, protection mechanisms, an LCD display, and IoT notifications via Telegram. The threshold values are set at 1.9A for current and 20W for power. When these values are reached or exceeded, the system sends alert notifications on the LCD display and via Telegram to the user. Additionally, a servo motor automatically rotates to turn off the main circuit breaker (MCB) as a protective measure. The system design follows the Design Thinking approach, which includes phases such as empathy, problem definition, idea generation, prototype development, and testing. Functional and usability testing were carried out, with validation from four experts to assess the system’s performance and suitability, including the display of threshold values on the LCD, load values when the switch is turned on, and notifications when thresholds are exceeded. Based on expert feedback, the addition of an auto-reclose function was suggested. The study results show that the system performs well, achieves the research objectives, and has potential for use as an electrical safety support system in future real-world applications.


Keywords


Electrical safety; Current detection system; Automatic protection; Internet of Things (IoT); ESP32; Design thinking

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/ijotis.v6i1.106765

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