A Correlational Study of Body Mass Index (BMI) and Hemoglobin Levels with Cardiovascular Endurance in KOP Taekwondo Athletes at Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Daffa Damar Sasongko, Fastabikulkhoirot Fastabikulkhoirot, Afifa Juliazahra, Fahmy Fachrezzy

Abstract


This cross-sectional correlational study aimed to analyze the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and hemoglobin levels with cardiovascular endurance among athletes of the Achievement Sports Club (KOP) Taekwondo, State University of Jakarta. The research employed a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The sample consisted of 22 athletes selected through purposive sampling based on the inclusion criteria of being 19–21 years old and actively training for at least the last three months. BMI was obtained from body weight and height measurements, hemoglobin levels were measured using a digital EasyTouch GCHb device, and cardiovascular endurance was assessed using the Balke Test to estimate VO₂max values. Data analysis included the Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality test, linearity test, and Spearman and Pearson correlation tests according to the characteristics of the data. The results revealed no significant relationship between BMI and VO₂max (r = –0.029; p = 0.900) nor between hemoglobin levels and VO₂max (r = 0.262; p = 0.238). In conclusion, BMI and hemoglobin levels were not proven to significantly contribute to the cardiovascular endurance of KOP Taekwondo athletes. These findings suggest that coaches should monitor multiple physiological parameters beyond BMI and hemoglobin to optimize cardiovascular conditioning in taekwondo athletes.

Keywords


body mass index; cardiovascular endurance; hemoglobin; taekwondo.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jtikor.v10i2.91211

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