The Absence of Specific Instruments to Measure Hand-Eye Coordination in Petanque

Aprilius Bayu, Imam Hariadi, Rajip Mustafillah Rusdiyanto

Abstract


Hand–eye coordination is a crucial motor component that strongly influences the performance of petanque athletes, particularly in executing shooting and pointing techniques that demand high levels of accuracy. Although numerous studies have examined the relationship between hand–eye coordination and performance outcomes, the measurement instruments used in previous research remain general in nature and do not reflect the specific movement characteristics of petanque. This literature review aims to examine existing studies on hand–eye coordination assessment in petanque and to identify the absence of specialized instruments that align with the technical requirements of the sport. The review was conducted by analyzing relevant publications from the past eight years. The synthesis of findings indicates that most studies rely on generic tests, such as ball throw-and-catch tasks, which fail to capture the unique visual–motor demands of petanque. These findings highlight the need for developing more sensitive, valid, and sport-specific instruments tailored to the technical aspects of petanque throwing performance.

Keywords


hand–eye coordination; petanque; measurement instrument; throwing accuracy.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jtikor.v11i1.95589

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