The Experience and Religiosity toward Tourist Satisfaction: The Case of Umrah Pilgrimage

Ardiwansyah Nanggong, Putra Reski Hiola, Syaiful Pakaya

Abstract


A b s t r a c t

The study of tourism and pilgrimage is still less prominent in Indonesia amid the large potential market segment in this business. The main purpose of this study to explore the effect of experience and religiosity on the satisfaction of pilgrims in religious tourism since the impact of religious tourism can vary based on level of religious experience of adherents. The quantitative approach conducted through distributing questionnaires to 125 people who are Umrah pilgrims. The study findings show a significant role of experience and religiosity to increase pilgrim satisfaction on the journey of Umrah. This study also highlights the implications in the context of religious tourism that the role of personal values and tourist behavior is very substantial. Motivation that is spiritually has a bigger impact than emotional experiences in fulfilling the expectations of pilgrims on religious sites. The results study indicate necessary matters in creating satisfaction in religious tourism while still combining profane and spiritual aspects.

 

A b s t r a k

Studi pariwisata dan ziarah masih kurang menonjol di Indonesia ditengah besarnya segmen pasar potensial dalam bisnis ini. Tujuan utama studi ini untuk mengeksplorasi efek pengalaman dan religiusitas pada kepuasan peziarah wisata religi karena dampak wisata religi dapat bervariasi berdasarkan pengalaman religiusitas pemeluknya. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan melalui penyebaran kuesioner pada 125 jamaah umroh. Temuan studi menunjukkan peran signifikan dari pengalaman dan religiusitas untuk meningkatkan kepuasan peziarah dalam perjalanan ibadah umroh. Studi ini juga menyorot implikasi pada konteks wisata religi bahwa peran personal values dan tourist behavior sangat substansial. Motivasi yang bersifat spritual berdampak lebih besar dibanding pengalaman emosional dalam memenuhi harapan yang diinginkan peziarah pada situs religi. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan hal-hal yang diperlukan dalam menciptakan kepuasan pada wisata religi dengan tetap memadukan aspek profan dan spiritual.


Keywords


Religious Experience; Tourist Satisfaction; Umrah Pilgrimage

Full Text:

PDF

References


Andrianto, T. (2019). The Halal-Ness Hospitality on Halal Tourism, Case Study of Halal Restaurant in Bandung, Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation, 2(2), 210–222. https://doi.org/10.17509/jithor.v2i2.21001

Battour, M., Ismail, M. N., Battor, M., & Awais, M. (2017). Islamic tourism : an empirical examination of travel motivation and satisfaction in Malaysia. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(1), 50–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2014.965665

Bond, N., Packer, J., & Ballantyne, R. (2014). Exploring visitor experiences, activities and benefits at three religious tourism sites. International Journal of Tourism Research., 17(5), 471–481. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2014

Choi, Y. (2010). Religion, religiosity, and South Korean consumer switching behaviors. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 50(October), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb

Eid, R. (2012). Towards a high-quality religious tourism marketing: The case of Hajj service in Saudi Arabia. Tourism Analysis, 17(4), 509–522. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354212X13473157390849

Eid, R. (2013). Integrating Muslim Customer Perceived Value, Satisfaction, Loyalty and Retention in the Tourism Industry: An empirical study. International Journal of Tourism Research, 113(November 2012), 101–113. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr

Eid, R., & El-Gohary, H. (2015). The role of Islamic religiosity on the relationship between perceived value and tourist satisfaction. Tourism Management, 46, 477–488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.08.003

Haq, F., & Jackson, J. (2009). Spiritual journey to Hajj: Australian and Pakistani experience and expectations. Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion, 6(2), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766080902815155

Jafari, J., & Scott, N. (2014). Muslim world and its tourisms. Annals of Tourism Research, 44(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.08.011

Kasim, A. (2011). Balancing Tourism and Religious Experience : Understanding Devotees’ Perspectives on Thaipusam in Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 20, 441–456. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2011.562437

Kim, B., & Kim, S. (2019). The effect of religious tourism experiences on personal values. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 7(2), 85–93. https://doi.org/10.21427/5gvy-hh90

Kim, H., Woo, E., & Uysal, M. (2015). Tourism experience and quality of life among elderly tourists. Tourism Management, 46, 465–476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.08.002

Kusumawati, A., Listyorini, S., Suharyono, & Yulianto, E. (2020). The Role of Religiosity on Fashion Store Patronage Intention of Muslim Consumers in Indonesia. SAGE Open, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020927035

Mathras, D., Cohen, A. B., Mandel, N., & Mick, D. G. (2016). The effects of religion on consumer behavior: A conceptual framework and research agenda. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 26(2), 298–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2015.08.001

Maunier, C., & Camelis, C. (2013). Toward an identification of elements contributing to satisfaction with the tourism experience. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 19(1), 19–39. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766712468733

Mohamed, N. (2018). The influence of religiosity upon Muslim tourists’ travel decision-making processes for an Islamic leisure destination. Heriot-Watt University. Retrieved from https://www.ros.hw.ac.uk/handle/10399/3983

Mohamed, N., Taheri, B., Farmaki, A., Olya, H., & Gannon, M. J. (2020). Stimulating satisfaction and loyalty: transformative behaviour and Muslim consumers. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(9), 2903–2923. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-04-2020-0330

Moschis, G. P., & Ong, F. S. (2011). Religiosity and consumer behavior of older adults: A study of subcultural influences in Malaysia. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 10, 8–17. https://doi.org/10.1002/cb

Moufahim, M., & Lichrou, M. (2019). Pilgrimage , consumption and rituals : Spiritual authenticity in a Shia Muslim pilgrimage. Tourism Management, 70, 322–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.08.023

Nanggong, A., & Mohammad, A. (2020). The impact of cultural tourism experience on electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) and destination image. Diponegoro International Journal of Business, 3(2), 68–79. https://doi.org/10.14710/dijb.3.2.2020.68-79

Nyaupane, G. P., Timothy, D. J., & Poudel, S. (2015). Understanding tourists in religious destinations : A social distance perspective. Tourism Management, 48, 343–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.12.009

Pine II, J., & Gilmore, J. H. (1998). Welcome to The Experience Economy. Harvard Business Review, 97–105.

Piramanayagam, S., & Seal, P. P. (2021). Experience Dimensions of Religious Festivals : Religion and Spirituality at Paryaya , Udupi , India. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 9(5).

Preko, A., Mohammed, I., Edem, L., & Ameyibor, K. (2020). Muslim tourist religiosity, perceived values, satisfaction, and loyalty. Tourism Review International, 24, 109–125.

Rageh, A., Melewar, T. C., & Woodside, A. (2013). Using netnography research method to reveal the underlying dimensions of the customer/tourist experience. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 16(2), 126–149. https://doi.org/10.1108/13522751311317558

Taheri, B. (2016). Emotional Connection, Materialism, and Religiosity: An Islamic Tourism Experience. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 33(7), 1011–1027. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2015.1078761

Walls, A. R., Okumus, F., Raymond, Y., & Kwun, D. J. (2011). An epistemological view of consumer experiences. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(1), 10–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2010.03.008

Wang, J., Luo, Q., Huang, S. (Sam), & Yang, R. (2020). Restoration in the exhausted body? Tourists on the rugged path of pilgrimage: Motives, experiences, and benefits. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 15(September 2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.100407

Weidenfeld, A. (2006). Religious Needs in the Hospitality Industry. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 6(2), 143–159. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.thr.6040052

Weidenfeld, A., & Ron, A. S. (2008). Religious needs in the tourism industry. Anatolia, 19(2), 357–361. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2008.9687080




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jithor.v5i2.47099

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

eISSN : 2654-4687

pISSN : 2654-3893

This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Visit My Stat