PENGEMBANGAN DAN EVALUASI MODUL PRAKTIKUM TERINTEGRASI QR CODE PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEKNIK KIMIA INDUSTRI DI SMK

Abstract

The limited availability of practicum teaching materials connected to digital technology is one of the main obstacles in learning Basic Industrial Chemical Engineering at vocational high schools, causing students to frequently experience difficulty in independently understanding work procedures. This study aims to develop a QR Code-based practicum module and to measure its validity, practicality, and effectiveness in improving student learning outcomes. The approach used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Product feasibility was validated by three expert validators covering media, instructional design, and content, followed by a limited-scale trial involving 2 teachers and 10 students to measure practicality. A preliminary effectiveness test was then conducted using a one-group pretest-posttest design involving 15 Grade X students of the Industrial Chemical Engineering program, using a Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based test instrument. The results revealed that the module was declared valid with an average score of 79.11% (Feasible category), highly practical based on the limited trial with a score of 87.81%, and showed an improvement in learning outcomes marked by an increase in the average score from 51.00 to 89.00 (N-Gain 0.78, High category; paired t-test t = 18.46; df = 14; p < 0.001; effect size Cohen's d ≈ 4.77). These findings indicate the potential of integrating QR Code into printed modules as a solution for practicum teaching materials in vocational education in the field of industrial chemistry, although its causal effectiveness still needs to be confirmed through field trials with a control group.

Minimnya bahan ajar praktikum yang terhubung dengan teknologi digital menjadi salah satu hambatan utama dalam pembelajaran Dasar-Dasar Teknik Kimia Industri di SMK, sehingga murid kerap mengalami kesulitan memahami prosedur kerja secara mandiri. Studi ini bertujuan mengembangkan modul praktikum berbasis QR Code sekaligus mengukur tingkat kevalidan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifannya dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar murid. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Kelayakan produk divalidasi oleh tiga validator ahli yang meliputi bidang media, desain pembelajaran, dan materi, kemudian diujicobakan dalam skala terbatas kepada 2 guru dan 10 murid guna mengukur tingkat kepraktisannya. Uji awal keefektifan selanjutnya dilakukan melalui desain one-group pretest-posttest yang melibatkan 15 murid Kelas X Teknik Kimia Industri dengan instrumen tes berbasis Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa modul dinyatakan valid dengan skor rata-rata 79,11% (kategori Layak), sangat praktis berdasarkan uji coba terbatas dengan skor 87,81%, serta menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar yang ditandai kenaikan rata-rata nilai dari 51,00 menjadi 89,00 (N-Gain 0,78, kategori Tinggi; uji-t berpasangan t = 18,46; df = 14; p < 0,001; effect size Cohen’s d ≈ 4,77). Temuan ini menunjukkan potensi pengintegrasian QR Code ke dalam modul cetak sebagai solusi bahan ajar praktikum pada pendidikan vokasi bidang kimia industri, meskipun keefektifannya secara kausal masih perlu dikonfirmasi melalui uji lapangan berkelompok kontrol.