Analysis of Changes in Vegetation Density and Its Effect on Surface Temperature in Kotamobagu City

Sara Sangita Dama, Fitryane Lihawa, Masruroh Masruroh

Abstract


This study investigates the relationship between vegetation density change and its effect on surface temperature in Kotamobagu City during the period 2002–2022. Rapid urban development has led to land cover changes that potentially influence microclimatic conditions, especially land surface temperature (LST). This research employed a quantitative approach using remote sensing data by calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and LST. Data processing involved classification, correlation analysis using the R-table method, and was supported by field surveys for land validation. Results indicated that vegetation cover in 2002 was relatively low, covering 4,246.78 hectares. A slight increase occurred in 2012 (4,247.09 hectares), followed by a minor decline in 2022 (4,246.93 hectares). Meanwhile, surface temperatures showed a decreasing trend: from 17.4°C in 2002, to 9.4°C in 2012, and 8.7°C in 2022. The analysis also found a significant negative correlation between NDVI values and LST, indicating that areas with lower vegetation density tend to have higher surface temperatures. This correlation was supported by graphical analyses conducted for each year of observation. These findings highlight the impact of vegetation dynamics on urban temperature variation, emphasizing the importance of vegetation in regulating microclimates within rapidly developing urban areas such as Kotamobagu.


Keywords


Vegetation density; Land surface temperature; NDVI; Urban microclimate

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/gea.v25i1.74353

DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.17509/gea.v25i1.74353.g31591

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