STUDY OF ECOLOGICAL ARCHITECTURE CONCEPTS IN MANGROVE FOREST ECOTOURISM AREAS

Abstract

Mangrove forest ecosystems play a crucial role as biodiversity habitats and natural barriers protecting coastal areas from abrasion by ocean waves. However, threats such as human activities, climate change, and the growing interest in developing mangrove areas as tourist destinations call for a more sustainable design approach. Ecological architecture offers a solution by harmonizing built environments with ecological preservation. This study investigates the application of ecological architecture principles in mangrove forest ecotourism, focusing on Angke Kapuk Nature Tourism Park, Mangrove Ecotourism Centre, Pantai Indah Kapuk, and Mangrove Paradise Resort in Brunei. The research explores key principles, including adaptive design, conservation and restoration, energy efficiency, waste management, and the use of local materials, alongside building forms and structures. A descriptive-comparative method with a qualitative approach, through direct observation, documentation, and literature review. The results show that the three locations have applied ecological architecture principles in accordance with local conditions. Angke Kapuk Nature Tourism Park and Pantai Indah Kapuk focus on ecosystem conservation, whereas Mangrove Paradise Resort emphasizes the integration of lodging facilities within the mangrove ecosystem. Common features include stilt-building designs to protect the underlying ecosystem and the use of natural lighting and ventilation for energy efficiency. This study highlights ecological architecture as an effective strategy for developing sustainable ecotourism areas, ensuring a balance between environmental preservation, tourism development, and community engagement.