IMPLEMENTATION OF FLUID ARCHITECTURE AND TOPOGRAPHICAL INTEGRATION: A CASE STUDY OF THE CITY OF CULTURE OF GALICIA

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of Fluid Architecture principles in contemporary architecture, focusing on The City of Culture of Galicia in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, designed by Eisenman Architects. The shift from rigid geometric forms toward dynamic and context-responsive architecture highlights the relevance of fluid design approaches in contemporary practice. This research aims to analyze how fluid architectural principles are applied through the integration of form, geometry, and topography in a large-scale cultural complex. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method using a case study approach. Data were collected through a literature review of fluid architecture theories and visual observations of architectural documentation, including drawings, photographs, and diagrams. Data analysis followed an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The analytical framework is based on three main principles of fluid architecture: flowing design, integrated geometry, and non-rigid design. The findings reveal that fluidity in The City of Culture of Galicia is achieved through a strong topological response to the site’s contours. Flowing design is expressed through undulating roof forms that follow the natural topography. Integrated geometry results from the superimposition of square and trapezoidal grids onto the terrain. Non-rigid design is manifested in continuous roof and façade surfaces that avoid rigid Euclidean forms. Overall, the study demonstrates that fluid architecture can emerge from the synthesis of geometry, landscape, and contextual design strategies.