Risk Assessment Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) pada Pergudangan di Pelabuhan XYZ Menggunakan Metode HIRADC

Abstract

Occupational Safety and Health (K3) are essential for preventing workplace accidents and diseases, particularly in high-risk environments such as port warehouses. This study aims to identify hazards, assess risks, and determine control measures in the warehousing sector at XYZ Port using the HIRADC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Determining Control) method. The research was conducted in November 2024 using a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through interviews with five purposively selected informants, observations, and risk assessment brainstorming sessions. Risk levels were determined using severity and likelihood matrices based on ISO 45001:2018 and SKKNI standards. Twelve hazards were identified across four main activities: truck mobilization, loading/unloading using wheel loaders and excavators, and cargo placement/storage. The sources of hazards included humans, machines, materials, and environmental media. Risk assessment revealed that eight hazards were categorized as high risk and four as moderate. Examples of high risks included heavy equipment collisions, while moderate risks involved slipping hazards. The main impacts ranged from physical accidents (e.g., collisions and crush injuries) to health issues (e.g., respiratory problems and hearing damage). Risk controls applied were predominantly administrative (e.g., job rotation, supervision, signage) and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), such as earplugs for noise exposure. No elimination, substitution, or engineering controls were employed. This study highlights the critical importance of comprehensive risk assessments and layered safety controls to improve workplace safety in port warehousing operations.