DYNO TEST PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A 20 KW PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR (PMSM) IN ELECTRIC SHUTTLE BUS

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the performance of a 20 kW Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor applied to an Electric Shuttle Bus resulting from vehicle conversion. An experimental method was employed by conducting dynamometer testing using a Dynojet system under simulated load conditions equivalent to a vehicle mass of approximately 2,000 kg. The research population consisted of converted electric vehicle drivetrain systems, with a single 20 kW Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor installed on the test vehicle as the sample. Research instruments included a dynamometer to measure torque, power, and speed, and a PW6001 power analyzer to record electrical parameters. The results show that the motor delivers good torque characteristics at low speeds, stable power output across the operational speed range, and adaptive response to load variations, indicating its suitability for electric shuttle bus applications. The study concludes that real-load performance testing is essential for validating electric motor performance and provides a contribution toward developing an electric motor performance database aligned with operational conditions.

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis performa motor listrik Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor berdaya 20 kW yang diaplikasikan pada Electric Shuttle Bus listrik hasil konversi. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan eksperimen melalui pengujian dynamometer test Dynojet dengan simulasi beban kendaraan setara massa sekitar 2.000 kg. Populasi penelitian adalah sistem penggerak kendaraan listrik hasil konversi, dengan sampel berupa satu unit motor Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor 20 kW yang terpasang pada kendaraan uji. Instrumen penelitian meliputi dynamometer untuk pengukuran torsi, daya, dan kecepatan, serta power analyzer PW6001 untuk pengukuran parameter kelistrikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motor memiliki karakteristik torsi yang baik pada kecepatan rendah, kestabilan daya pada rentang kecepatan operasional, serta respons yang adaptif terhadap variasi beban, sehingga layak digunakan pada aplikasi shuttle bus listrik. Kesimpulan penelitian menegaskan bahwa pengujian performa berbasis beban nyata diperlukan sebagai dasar validasi kinerja motor listrik serta berkontribusi dalam penyusunan basis data performa motor listrik yang relevan dengan kondisi operasional.