The Association Between Fat Free Mass and Basal Metabolic Rate with Handgrip Strength in Female Medical Students

Noor Az Zhahra, Mila Citrawati, Sri Wahyuningsih, Maria Selvester Thadeus

Abstract


Handgrip strength is an indicator of general muscle strength. Low handgrip strength is associated with various diseases that can increase morbidity and mortality. Fat free mass and basal metabolic rate are indicators of health and physical fitness. Low physical activity and degenerative changes in muscle strength in female medical students may be risk factors for cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and sarcopenia in old age. The aim of this study was to determine the association between fat free mass and basal metabolic rate with handgrip strength in female medical students. The type of research includes observational analytics with a cross-sectional design on 54 samples selected using purposive sampling techniques. Fat free mass and basal metabolic rate data were collected using a bioelectrical impedance analysis tool, handgrip strength using a handgrip dynamometry tool which was carried out directly. Statistical data analysis used the Independent sample t-test and Chi-square test. The results of the analysis using the Independent sample t-test found that there was no significant difference based on fat free mass between respondents with low handgrip strength and normal handgrip strength (p = 0.662) and there was a significant association between basal metabolic rate and handgrip strength (p = 0.001) with an odds ratio (OR) of 16.875. Female medical students need to maintain activity performance, train muscle strength, and adopt a healthy lifestyle so that handgrip strength, fat-free mass, and basal metabolic rate are maintained.


Keywords


Basal Metabolic Rate, Fat Free Mass, Handgrip Strength

References


Acharya, S., Patnaik, M., Kumar, K. P., & Mishra, S. P. (2022). Correlation of body fat percentage, fat mass, fat free mass, and fat free mass index with hand grip strength in healthy young males in a tertiary health care center of South Odisha. National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 12(2), 196-201.

Ahn, H., Choi, H. Y., & Ki, M. (2022). Association between levels of physical activity and low handgrip strength: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014-2019. Epidemiology and Health, 44.

Amanah, S. R., & Citrawati, M. (2020). Association Between Physical Activity, Sleep Quality and Handgrip Strength in Medical Student. ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation, 9(2), 72-77.

Bae, E. J., Park, N. J., Sohn, H. S., & Kim, Y. H. (2019). Handgrip strength and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older Koreans. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(5), 740.

Ciardullo, S., Zerbini, F., Cannistraci, R., Muraca, E., Perra, S., Oltolini, A., & Perseghin, G. (2023). Differential association of sex hormones with metabolic parameters and body composition in men and women from the United States. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(14), 4783.

Confortin, S. C., Aristizábal, L. Y. G., Bragança, M. L. B. M., Cavalcante, L. C., Alves, J. D. D. A., Batista, R. F. L., ... & Silva, A. A. M. D. (2022). Are fat mass and lean mass associated with grip strength in adolescents?. Nutrients, 14(16), 3259.

Dodds, R. M., Syddall, H. E., Cooper, R., Benzeval, M., Deary, I. J., Dennison, E. M., ... & Sayer, A. A. (2014). Grip strength across the life course: normative data from twelve British studies. PloS one, 9(12), e113637.

Han, F., Hu, F., Wang, T., Zhou, W., Zhu, L., Huang, X., ... & Cheng, X. (2022). Association between basal metabolic rate and all-cause mortality in a prospective cohort of southern Chinese adults. Frontiers in physiology, 12, 790347.

Henriksson, P., Cadenas-Sanchez, C., Leppänen, M. H., Delisle Nyström, C., Ortega, F. B., Pomeroy, J., ... & Löf, M. (2016). Associations of fat mass and fat-free mass with physical fitness in 4-year-old children: results from the MINISTOP trial. Nutrients, 8(8), 473.

Kang, H. W., Seo, S. P., Lee, H. Y., Kim, K., Ha, Y. S., Kim, W. T., ... & Lee, S. C. (2021). A high basal metabolic rate is an independent predictor of stone recurrence in obese patients. Investigative and Clinical Urology, 62(2), 195.

Kasović, M., Štefan, L., Neljak, B., Petrić, V., & Knjaz, D. (2021). Reference data for fat mass and fat-free mass measured by Bioelectrical Impedance in Croatian youth. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(16), 8501.

Lee, S. Y. (2021). Handgrip strength: an irreplaceable indicator of muscle function. Annals of rehabilitation medicine, 45(3), 167.

Liu, L., Zou, H., & Li, Y. H. (2019). Relationship between Human Body Anthropometric Measurements and Basal Metabolic Rate. In Body-mass Index and Health. IntechOpen.

Lopez-Jaramillo, P., Lopez-Lopez, J. P., Tole, M. C., & Cohen, D. D. (2022). Muscular strength in risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality: a narrative review. Anatolian journal of cardiology, 26(8), 598.

Maghbooli, Z., Mozaffari, S., Dehhaghi, Y., Rezaei Amirkiasar, P., Malekhosseini, A. A., Rezanejad, M., & Holick, M. F. (2022). The lower basal metabolic rate is associated with increased risk of osteosarcopenia in postmenopausal women. BMC women's health, 22(1), 171.

McNab, B. K. (2019). What determines the basal rate of metabolism?. Journal of Experimental Biology, 222(15), jeb205591.

Morlino, D., Marra, M., Cioffi, I., Sammarco, R., Speranza, E., Di Vincenzo, O., ... & Pasanisi, F. (2021). A proposal for reference values of hand grip strength in women with different body mass indexes. Nutrition, 87, 111199.

Munawaroh, W. W., & Fatimah, O. Z. S. (2021). Komposisi Lemak Viseral, Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), Dan Usia Sel Terhadap Indeks Masa Tubuh (IMT) Pada Remaja. Jurnal Untuk Masyarakat Sehat (JUKMAS) e-ISSN, 2715, 7687.

Naim, Z., Anwar, K., Rahman, A., & Zuliani, N. (2016). Physical inactivity among medical and non-medical students: A cross sectional study. International Journal of Public Health and Clinical Sciences, 3(5), 48-58.

Nonaka, K., Murata, S., Shiraiwa, K., Abiko, T., Nakano, H., Iwase, H., ... & Horie, J. (2018, June). Effect of skeletal muscle and fat mass on muscle strength in the elderly. In Healthcare (Vol. 6, No. 3, p. 72). MDPI.

Nurdin, F. (2020). Analisis Body Composition Masyarakat Desa Karang Tengah Kabupaten Bogor. Jurnal Segar, 9(1), 14-20.

Oh, S. K., Son, D. H., Kwon, Y. J., Lee, H. S., & Lee, J. W. (2019). Association between basal metabolic rate and handgrip strength in older Koreans. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(22), 4377.

Popov, L. D. (2020). Mitochondrial biogenesis: An update. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 24(9), 4892-4899.

Rahemi, H., Nigam, N., & Wakeling, J. M. (2015). The effect of intramuscular fat on skeletal muscle mechanics: implications for the elderly and obese. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 12(109), 20150365.

Shah, S. A., Safian, N., Mohammad, Z., Nurumal, S. R., Wan Ibadullah, W. A. H., Mansor, J., ... & Shobugawa, Y. (2022). Factors associated with handgrip strength among older adults in Malaysia. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 1023-1034.

Steiner, B. M., & Berry, D. C. (2022). The regulation of adipose tissue health by estrogens. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13, 889923.

Stenholm, S., Sallinen, J., Koster, A., Rantanen, T., Sainio, P., Heliövaara, M., & Koskinen, S. (2011). Association between obesity history and hand grip strength in older adults—exploring the roles of inflammation and insulin resistance as mediating factors. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biomedical Sciences and Medical Sciences, 66(3), 341-348.

Tortora, G. J., & Nielsen, M. (2017). Principles of human anatomy. John Wiley & Sons.

Verma, N., Kumar, S. S., & Suresh, A. (2023). An evaluation of basal metabolic rate among healthy individuals—a cross-sectional study. Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy, 28(1), 26.

Vitriana, Defi, I. R., Nugraha, G. I., & Setiabudiawan, B. (2016). Sarcopenia Prevalence In Community-Dwelling Elderly based on Two Cut-off Points Diagnosis Parameters. MAJALAH KEDOKTERAN BANDUNG-MKB-BANDUNG MEDICAL JOURNAL, 48(3), 164-170.

Westerterp, K. R., Yamada, Y., Sagayama, H., Ainslie, P. N., Andersen, L. F., Anderson, L. J., ... & Labeled, I. A. E. A. D. (2021). Physical activity and fat-free mass during growth and in later life. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 114(5), 1583-1589.

Zaccagni, L., Toselli, S., Bramanti, B., Gualdi-Russo, E., Mongillo, J., & Rinaldo, N. (2020). Handgrip strength in young adults: Association with anthropometric variables and laterality. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(12), 4273.

Wiśniowska-Szurlej, A., Ćwirlej-Sozańska, A., Kilian, J., Wołoszyn, N., Sozański, B., & Wilmowska-Pietruszyńska, A. (2021). Reference values and factors associated with hand grip strength among older adults living in southeastern Poland. Scientific reports, 11(1), 9950.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpjo.v9i1.66694

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Noor Az Zhahra, Mila Citrawati, Sri Wahyuningsih, Maria Selvester Thadeus

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

web statistics

View My Stats