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Email this article Squat Movement Analysis of Futsal Players with Leg Injury History: A Biomechanics Review
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze squat movements of futsal players who have leg injury history. The research method used in this study was descriptive analytics with a one-shot case study design. The samples were given one treatment and then were observed to obtain the results of the treatment. This study involved 9 Kapten Muda Futsal Academy futsal players who had a history of leg injuries as samples selected using purposive sampling technique. The results showed the mean of spinal tilt angle 65.56 ± 6.19 degrees, hip angle 80.44 ± 6.64 degrees, knee angle 67.52 ± 10.35 degrees, and ankle angle 54.66 ± 6.50 degrees. It concludes that squats performed by Kapten Muda Futsal Academy futsal players who had leg injury history were not optimal and had not been able to reach the 90 degree squat position. This study found that poor ankle mobility, an angle less than 35 degrees, and the history of knee injury will get a squat with a body tilt position leaning forward and backward, causing the squat movement to be not optimal. The optimal squat technique should have feet shoulder width apart and knee movement no further forward than the toes, gaze in a forward position, and do the squat position at full depth 115-125 degrees. However, this study only used one camera to record squat movements to analyze hip, spine, knee, and ankle angles. It is hoped that future studies analyze the squat movement at a full depth position of 125 degrees.
Keywords
References
Bryanton, M. A., Kennedy, M. D., Carey, J. P., & Chiu, L. Z. F. (2012). Effect of squat depth and barbell load on relative muscular effort in squatting. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(10), 2820–2828. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31826791a7
Buckingham, M. C. (2004). Biomechanics of the Squat, Lunge, Kick, and Pivot. Nata.Org.
Comfort, P., & Kasim, P. (2007). Optimizing Squat Technique. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 29(6), 10–13. https://doi.org/10.1519/00126548-200712000-00001
Escamilla, R. F., Fleisig, G. S., Lowry, T. M., Barrentine, S. W., & Andrews, J. R. (2001). A three-dimensional biomechanical analysis of the squat during varying stance widths. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(6), 984–998. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200106000-00019
Ethier, J. (2020). How To Squat Properly: 3 Mistakes Harming Your Lower Back (FIX THESE!).
Faizah, A., & Herdyanto, Y. (2019). Analisis Gerak Akselerasi Sprint 100 Meter (Studi pada Atlet Lari Sprint 100 Meter Putra Pelatnas B, Ditinjau dari Aspek Biomekanika). Jurnal Prestasi Olahraga, Vol.2(No.1), pp.1-10.
Gawda, P., Zawadka, M., Paszkowska, M. S., Smolka, J., & Lukasik, E. (2017). Biomechanics Of The Squat In Rehabilitation and Sports Training. Polish J Sport Med, 33(2), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2294
Hardyanto, J., & Nirmalasari, N. (2020). Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Penanganan Pertama Cedera Olahraga pada Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa (UKM) Olahraga di Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta. Jurnal Kesehatan Messencephalon, 6(1), 48–54.
Haskell, W. L., Lee, I. M., Pate, R. R., Powell, K. E., Blair, S. N., Franklin, B. A., MacEra, C. A., Heath, G. W., Thompson, P. D., & Bauman, A. (2007). Physical activity and public health: Updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(8), 1423–1434. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3180616b27
Hendriadi, R. (2019). Pengaruh Latihan Squat Barbel dan Squat Resistance Band Terhadap Peningkatan Power Tungkai Pemain Sepakbola U-15 Tahun di SSB Baturetno. E-JOURNAL UNY.
Horschig, A. (2016). High Bar Back Squat Diagnostic.
Irawan, F. A., & Long-Ren, C. (2019). Baseball and biomechanics: Injury prevention for baseball pitcher. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 7(1), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v7i1.24636
Irawan, F. A., Nurrahmad, L., & Permana, D. F. (2020a). Classification of Arch Height Index and Arcus Pedis to The Agility. Proceedings of the 5th International Seminar of Public Health and Education, 185–191. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.22-7-2020.2300272
Irawan, F. A., Nurrahmad, L., & Permana, D. F. W. (2020b). The Association of Arch Height Index and Arcus Pedis on Agility: An Overview of Sport Science College Students. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 14(11), 669–676. www.ijicc.net
Irawan, F. A., Raharja, W. K., Billah, T. R., & Ma’dum, M. A. (2021). Analisis biomekanika free throw basket sesuai kaidah Dave Hopla. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 9(2), 210–219. https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v9i2.40360
Lendra, M. D., & Santoso, T. B. (2009). Beda Pengaruh Kondisi Kaki Datar dan Kaki dengan Arkus Normal Terhadap Keseimbangan Statis pada Anak Usia 8-12 Tahun di Kelurahan Karangasem, Surakarta. Jurnal Fisioterapi, 9(2), 49–58.
Lestari, P. A. (2022). Hubungan kekuatan otot tungkai dengan kejadian cedera otot pada pemain futsal putri. In Universitas ’Aisyiyah Yogyakarta.
Lorenzetti, S., Ostermann, M., Zeidler, F., Zimmer, P., Jentsch, L., List, R., Taylor, W. R., & Schellenberg, F. (2018). How to squat? Effects of various stance widths, foot placement angles and level of experience on knee, hip and trunk motion and loading. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 10(1), 1–11.
Macrum, E., Bell, D. R., Boling, M., Lewek, M., & Padua, D. (2012). Effect of limiting ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion on lower extremity kinematics and muscle-activation patterns during a squat. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 21(2), 144–150. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.21.2.144
Nirmalasari, N., Nofiyanto, M., & Hidayati, R. W. (2020). Studi Demografi: Riwayat Kejadian Cedera dan Penanganan Pertama Cedera Olah Raga di Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa. JHeS (Journal of Health Studies), 4(2), 38–44. https://doi.org/10.31101/jhes.1018
Paiman. (2022). Olahraga Dan Kebugaran Jasmani (Physical Fitness) Pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 3(3), 270–281.
Prastiwi, T. A. S., & Irawan, F. A. (2022). Tinjauan aspek biomekanika tembakan tiga angka pada permainan bola basket Overview of the biomechanics of three-point shots in basketball. Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 11(1), 1–10. https://ejournal.unsri.ac.id/index.php/altius/article/view/17715
Sahabuddin, H. (2016). Hubungan Antara Flat Foot Dengan Keseimbangan Dinamis Pada Murid TK Sulawesi Kota Makasar. Universitas Hasanudin.
Saudini, A. F., & Sulistyorini. (2017). Pengaruh Latihan Squat Terhadap Peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai. Indonesia Performance Journal, 1(2), 71–75.
Schoenfeld, B. J. (2010). Squatting Kinematics and Kinetics and Their Application to Exercise Performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(12), 3497–3506.
Setiawan, A. (2011). Faktor Timbulnya Cedera Olahraga. Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 1(1), 94–98.
Soendari, T. (2012). METODE PENELITIAN DESKRIPTIF.
Syafaruddin. (2018). TINJAUAN OLAHRAGA FUTSAL Oleh : Syafaruddin. Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, Vo.7(no.2), 161–167.
Widjaja, A. (2019). Squat Analisis - Biomekanik Analisis Berdasarkan Science.
Zawadka, M., Smolka, J., Skublewska-Paszkowska, M., Lukasik, E., & Gawda, P. (2020). How are squat timing and kinematics in the sagittal plane related to squat depth? Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 19(3), 500–507.
Bryanton, M. A., Kennedy, M. D., Carey, J. P., & Chiu, L. Z. F. (2012). Effect of squat depth and barbell load on relative muscular effort in squatting. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(10), 2820–2828. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31826791a7
Buckingham, M. C. (2004). Biomechanics of the Squat, Lunge, Kick, and Pivot. Nata.Org.
Comfort, P., & Kasim, P. (2007). Optimizing Squat Technique. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 29(6), 10–13. https://doi.org/10.1519/00126548-200712000-00001
Escamilla, R. F., Fleisig, G. S., Lowry, T. M., Barrentine, S. W., & Andrews, J. R. (2001). A three-dimensional biomechanical analysis of the squat during varying stance widths. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(6), 984–998. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200106000-00019
Ethier, J. (2020). How To Squat Properly: 3 Mistakes Harming Your Lower Back (FIX THESE!).
Faizah, A., & Herdyanto, Y. (2019). Analisis Gerak Akselerasi Sprint 100 Meter (Studi pada Atlet Lari Sprint 100 Meter Putra Pelatnas B, Ditinjau dari Aspek Biomekanika). Jurnal Prestasi Olahraga, Vol.2(No.1), pp.1-10.
Gawda, P., Zawadka, M., Paszkowska, M. S., Smolka, J., & Lukasik, E. (2017). Biomechanics Of The Squat In Rehabilitation and Sports Training. Polish J Sport Med, 33(2), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2294
Hardyanto, J., & Nirmalasari, N. (2020). Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Penanganan Pertama Cedera Olahraga pada Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa (UKM) Olahraga di Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta. Jurnal Kesehatan Messencephalon, 6(1), 48–54.
Haskell, W. L., Lee, I. M., Pate, R. R., Powell, K. E., Blair, S. N., Franklin, B. A., MacEra, C. A., Heath, G. W., Thompson, P. D., & Bauman, A. (2007). Physical activity and public health: Updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(8), 1423–1434. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3180616b27
Hendriadi, R. (2019). Pengaruh Latihan Squat Barbel dan Squat Resistance Band Terhadap Peningkatan Power Tungkai Pemain Sepakbola U-15 Tahun di SSB Baturetno. E-JOURNAL UNY.
Horschig, A. (2016). High Bar Back Squat Diagnostic.
Irawan, F. A., & Long-Ren, C. (2019). Baseball and biomechanics: Injury prevention for baseball pitcher. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 7(1), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v7i1.24636
Irawan, F. A., Nurrahmad, L., & Permana, D. F. (2020a). Classification of Arch Height Index and Arcus Pedis to The Agility. Proceedings of the 5th International Seminar of Public Health and Education, 185–191. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.22-7-2020.2300272
Irawan, F. A., Nurrahmad, L., & Permana, D. F. W. (2020b). The Association of Arch Height Index and Arcus Pedis on Agility: An Overview of Sport Science College Students. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 14(11), 669–676. www.ijicc.net
Irawan, F. A., Raharja, W. K., Billah, T. R., & Ma’dum, M. A. (2021). Analisis biomekanika free throw basket sesuai kaidah Dave Hopla. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 9(2), 210–219. https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v9i2.40360
Lendra, M. D., & Santoso, T. B. (2009). Beda Pengaruh Kondisi Kaki Datar dan Kaki dengan Arkus Normal Terhadap Keseimbangan Statis pada Anak Usia 8-12 Tahun di Kelurahan Karangasem, Surakarta. Jurnal Fisioterapi, 9(2), 49–58.
Lestari, P. A. (2022). Hubungan kekuatan otot tungkai dengan kejadian cedera otot pada pemain futsal putri. In Universitas ’Aisyiyah Yogyakarta.
Lorenzetti, S., Ostermann, M., Zeidler, F., Zimmer, P., Jentsch, L., List, R., Taylor, W. R., & Schellenberg, F. (2018). How to squat? Effects of various stance widths, foot placement angles and level of experience on knee, hip and trunk motion and loading. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 10(1), 1–11.
Macrum, E., Bell, D. R., Boling, M., Lewek, M., & Padua, D. (2012). Effect of limiting ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion on lower extremity kinematics and muscle-activation patterns during a squat. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 21(2), 144–150. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.21.2.144
Nirmalasari, N., Nofiyanto, M., & Hidayati, R. W. (2020). Studi Demografi: Riwayat Kejadian Cedera dan Penanganan Pertama Cedera Olah Raga di Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa. JHeS (Journal of Health Studies), 4(2), 38–44. https://doi.org/10.31101/jhes.1018
Paiman. (2022). Olahraga Dan Kebugaran Jasmani (Physical Fitness) Pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 3(3), 270–281.
Prastiwi, T. A. S., & Irawan, F. A. (2022). Tinjauan aspek biomekanika tembakan tiga angka pada permainan bola basket Overview of the biomechanics of three-point shots in basketball. Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 11(1), 1–10. https://ejournal.unsri.ac.id/index.php/altius/article/view/17715
Sahabuddin, H. (2016). Hubungan Antara Flat Foot Dengan Keseimbangan Dinamis Pada Murid TK Sulawesi Kota Makasar. Universitas Hasanudin.
Saudini, A. F., & Sulistyorini. (2017). Pengaruh Latihan Squat Terhadap Peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai. Indonesia Performance Journal, 1(2), 71–75.
Schoenfeld, B. J. (2010). Squatting Kinematics and Kinetics and Their Application to Exercise Performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(12), 3497–3506.
Setiawan, A. (2011). Faktor Timbulnya Cedera Olahraga. Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 1(1), 94–98.
Soendari, T. (2012). METODE PENELITIAN DESKRIPTIF.
Syafaruddin. (2018). TINJAUAN OLAHRAGA FUTSAL Oleh : Syafaruddin. Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, Vo.7(no.2), 161–167.
Widjaja, A. (2019). Squat Analisis - Biomekanik Analisis Berdasarkan Science.
Zawadka, M., Smolka, J., Skublewska-Paszkowska, M., Lukasik, E., & Gawda, P. (2020). How are squat timing and kinematics in the sagittal plane related to squat depth? Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 19(3), 500–507.
Bryanton, M. A., Kennedy, M. D., Carey, J. P., & Chiu, L. Z. F. (2012). Effect of squat depth and barbell load on relative muscular effort in squatting. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(10), 2820–2828. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31826791a7
Buckingham, M. C. (2004). Biomechanics of the Squat, Lunge, Kick, and Pivot. Nata.Org.
Comfort, P., & Kasim, P. (2007). Optimizing Squat Technique. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 29(6), 10–13. https://doi.org/10.1519/00126548-200712000-00001
Escamilla, R. F., Fleisig, G. S., Lowry, T. M., Barrentine, S. W., & Andrews, J. R. (2001). A three-dimensional biomechanical analysis of the squat during varying stance widths. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(6), 984–998. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200106000-00019
Ethier, J. (2020). How To Squat Properly: 3 Mistakes Harming Your Lower Back (FIX THESE!).
Faizah, A., & Herdyanto, Y. (2019). Analisis Gerak Akselerasi Sprint 100 Meter (Studi pada Atlet Lari Sprint 100 Meter Putra Pelatnas B, Ditinjau dari Aspek Biomekanika). Jurnal Prestasi Olahraga, Vol.2(No.1), pp.1-10.
Gawda, P., Zawadka, M., Paszkowska, M. S., Smolka, J., & Lukasik, E. (2017). Biomechanics Of The Squat In Rehabilitation and Sports Training. Polish J Sport Med, 33(2), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.2294
Hardyanto, J., & Nirmalasari, N. (2020). Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Tentang Penanganan Pertama Cedera Olahraga pada Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa (UKM) Olahraga di Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani Yogyakarta. Jurnal Kesehatan Messencephalon, 6(1), 48–54.
Haskell, W. L., Lee, I. M., Pate, R. R., Powell, K. E., Blair, S. N., Franklin, B. A., MacEra, C. A., Heath, G. W., Thompson, P. D., & Bauman, A. (2007). Physical activity and public health: Updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 39(8), 1423–1434. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3180616b27
Hendriadi, R. (2019). Pengaruh Latihan Squat Barbel dan Squat Resistance Band Terhadap Peningkatan Power Tungkai Pemain Sepakbola U-15 Tahun di SSB Baturetno. E-JOURNAL UNY.
Horschig, A. (2016). High Bar Back Squat Diagnostic.
Irawan, F. A., & Long-Ren, C. (2019). Baseball and biomechanics: Injury prevention for baseball pitcher. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 7(1), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v7i1.24636
Irawan, F. A., Nurrahmad, L., & Permana, D. F. (2020a). Classification of Arch Height Index and Arcus Pedis to The Agility. Proceedings of the 5th International Seminar of Public Health and Education, 185–191. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.22-7-2020.2300272
Irawan, F. A., Nurrahmad, L., & Permana, D. F. W. (2020b). The Association of Arch Height Index and Arcus Pedis on Agility: An Overview of Sport Science College Students. International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 14(11), 669–676. www.ijicc.net
Irawan, F. A., Raharja, W. K., Billah, T. R., & Ma’dum, M. A. (2021). Analisis biomekanika free throw basket sesuai kaidah Dave Hopla. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 9(2), 210–219. https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v9i2.40360
Lendra, M. D., & Santoso, T. B. (2009). Beda Pengaruh Kondisi Kaki Datar dan Kaki dengan Arkus Normal Terhadap Keseimbangan Statis pada Anak Usia 8-12 Tahun di Kelurahan Karangasem, Surakarta. Jurnal Fisioterapi, 9(2), 49–58.
Lestari, P. A. (2022). Hubungan kekuatan otot tungkai dengan kejadian cedera otot pada pemain futsal putri. In Universitas ’Aisyiyah Yogyakarta.
Lorenzetti, S., Ostermann, M., Zeidler, F., Zimmer, P., Jentsch, L., List, R., Taylor, W. R., & Schellenberg, F. (2018). How to squat? Effects of various stance widths, foot placement angles and level of experience on knee, hip and trunk motion and loading. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 10(1), 1–11.
Macrum, E., Bell, D. R., Boling, M., Lewek, M., & Padua, D. (2012). Effect of limiting ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion on lower extremity kinematics and muscle-activation patterns during a squat. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 21(2), 144–150. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsr.21.2.144
Nirmalasari, N., Nofiyanto, M., & Hidayati, R. W. (2020). Studi Demografi: Riwayat Kejadian Cedera dan Penanganan Pertama Cedera Olah Raga di Unit Kegiatan Mahasiswa. JHeS (Journal of Health Studies), 4(2), 38–44. https://doi.org/10.31101/jhes.1018
Paiman. (2022). Olahraga Dan Kebugaran Jasmani (Physical Fitness) Pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 3(3), 270–281.
Prastiwi, T. A. S., & Irawan, F. A. (2022). Tinjauan aspek biomekanika tembakan tiga angka pada permainan bola basket Overview of the biomechanics of three-point shots in basketball. Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 11(1), 1–10. https://ejournal.unsri.ac.id/index.php/altius/article/view/17715
Sahabuddin, H. (2016). Hubungan Antara Flat Foot Dengan Keseimbangan Dinamis Pada Murid TK Sulawesi Kota Makasar. Universitas Hasanudin.
Saudini, A. F., & Sulistyorini. (2017). Pengaruh Latihan Squat Terhadap Peningkatan Power Otot Tungkai. Indonesia Performance Journal, 1(2), 71–75.
Schoenfeld, B. J. (2010). Squatting Kinematics and Kinetics and Their Application to Exercise Performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(12), 3497–3506.
Setiawan, A. (2011). Faktor Timbulnya Cedera Olahraga. Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 1(1), 94–98.
Soendari, T. (2012). METODE PENELITIAN DESKRIPTIF.
Syafaruddin. (2018). TINJAUAN OLAHRAGA FUTSAL Oleh : Syafaruddin. Altius: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, Vo.7(no.2), 161–167.
Widjaja, A. (2019). Squat Analisis - Biomekanik Analisis Berdasarkan Science.
Zawadka, M., Smolka, J., Skublewska-Paszkowska, M., Lukasik, E., & Gawda, P. (2020). How are squat timing and kinematics in the sagittal plane related to squat depth? Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 19(3), 500–507.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpjo.v10i1.69269
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