Akselerasi Kinerja Pengelola Desa Melalui Kompetensi Digital dan Fleksibilitas Kerja pada Desa Wisata Berkembang

Ahmad Ghazy Dananjaya

Abstract


This study aims to analyze the effect of perceived Digital Competence and Work Flexibility of the management on Visitor Satisfaction in Developing Tourism Villages, Riau Province. This study responds to the urgency of adaptive tourism management in facing the technological disruption era. Using an explanatory quantitative approach, data were collected through a survey of 200 public respondents who have visited tourism village sites in Riau. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression tests. The results show that digital competence in service and operational flexibility has a positive and significant effect on visitor satisfaction. These findings indicate that modern tourists highly value technology integration and agile services. The study implications emphasize the need for strengthening digital literacy and flexible service management in business education to enhance the competitiveness of regional tourism destinations.


Keywords


Digital Competence, Work Flexibility, Visitor Satisfaction, Riau Tourism Village, Business Management, Sustainable Tourism, Marketing Strategy.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alegre, J., & Pou, L. (2006). The length of stay in the demand for tourism. Tourism Management, 27(6), 1343–1355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.06.012

Allen, T. D., Johnson, R. C., Kiburz, K. M., & Shockley, K. M. (2013). Work-family conflict and flexible work arrangements: Deconstructing flexibility. Journal of Management, 39(2), 345–376. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206312471344

Armstrong, R., & Ruhanen, L. (2017). Values, ethics and community-based tourism. In The Routledge Handbook of Tourism and the Environment (pp. 353–362). Routledge.

Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Riau. (2025). Provinsi Riau dalam angka 2025. BPS Provinsi Riau. https://riau.bps.go.id

Baker, D. A., & Crompton, J. L. (2000). Quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(3), 785–804. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00108-5

Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108

Benckendorff, P. J., Sheldon, P. J., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2014). Tourism information technology (2nd ed.). CABI.

Blackstock, K. (2005). A critical look at community based tourism. Community Development Journal, 40(1), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdj/bsi005

Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. John Wiley & Sons.

Bloom, N., Liang, J., Roberts, J., & Ying, Z. J. (2015). Does working from home work? Evidence from a Chinese experiment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 130(1), 165–218. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qju032

Buhalis, D., & Amaranggana, A. (2013). Smart tourism destinations. In Z. Xiang & I. Tussyadiah (Eds.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2014 (pp. 553–564). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03973-2_40

Calvani, A., Cartelli, A., Fini, A., & Ranieri, M. (2008). Models and instruments for assessing digital competence at school. Journal of E-Learning and Knowledge Society, 4(3), 183–193.

Chi, C. G. Q., & Qu, H. (2008). Examining the structural relationships of destination image, tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty: An integrated approach. Tourism Management, 29(4), 624–636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.06.007

Cronin, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1992). Measuring service quality: A reexamination and extension. Journal of Marketing, 56(3), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299205600304

Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602

Dodevski, J., & Ilić, B. (2022). Digital competencies in tourism: A systematic review. Economics of Agriculture, 69(1), 265–279. https://doi.org/10.5937/ekoPolj2201265D

Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social exchange theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 2(1), 335–362.

Eshet-Alkalai, Y. (2004). Digital literacy: A conceptual framework for survival skills in the digital era. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 13(1), 93–106.

Ferrari, A. (2012). Digital competence in practice: An analysis of frameworks (JRC Technical Reports). European Commission Joint Research Centre. https://doi.org/10.2791/82116

Filieri, R., Alguezaui, S., & McLeay, F. (2015). Why do travelers trust TripAdvisor? Antecedents of trust towards consumer-generated media and its influence on recommendation adoption and word of mouth. Tourism Management, 51, 174–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.05.012

Gajendran, R. S., & Harrison, D. A. (2007). The good, the bad, and the unknown about telecommuting: Meta-analysis of psychological mediators and individual consequences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(6), 1524–1541. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.6.1524

Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 25. Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.

Golden, L. (2012). The effects of working time on productivity and firm performance: A research synthesis paper. International Labour Office (ILO).

Gretzel, U., Sigala, M., Xiang, Z., & Koo, C. (2015). Smart tourism: Foundations and developments. Electronic Markets, 25(3), 179–188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-015-0196-8

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.

Hanafiah, M. H., Hemdi, M. A., & Ahmad, I. (2016). Tourism destination competitiveness: Towards a conceptual framework. Competitiveness Review, 26(3), 299–311. https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-10-2015-0083

Hill, E. J., Grzywacz, J. G., Allen, S., Blanchard, V. L., Matz-Costa, C., Shulkin, S., & Pitt-Catsouphes, M. (2008). Defining and conceptualizing workplace flexibility. Community, Work & Family, 11(2), 149–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668800802024678

Ilomäki, L., Paavola, S., Lakkala, M., & Kantosalo, A. (2016). Digital competence – an emergent boundary concept for policy and educational research. Education and Information Technologies, 21(3), 655–679. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-014-9346-4

Joshi, A., Kale, S., Chandel, S., & Pal, D. K. (2015). Likert scale: Explored and explained. British Journal of Applied Science & Technology, 7(4), 396–403. https://doi.org/10.9734/BJAST/2015/14975

Kelliher, C., & Anderson, D. (2010). Doing more with less? Flexible working practices and the intensification of work. Human Relations, 63(1), 83–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726709349199

Kossek, E. E., Pichler, S., Bodner, T., & Hammer, L. B. (2011). Workplace social support and work–family conflict: A meta-analysis clarifying the influence of general and work–family-specific supervisor and organizational support. Personnel Psychology, 64(2), 289–313. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01211.x

Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2016). Marketing management (15th ed.). Pearson Education.

Law, R., Buhalis, D., & Cobanoglu, C. (2014). Progress on information and communication technologies in hospitality and tourism. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(5), 727–750. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-08-2013-0367

Lisnawati, L., Wibowo, L. A., & Nuraeni, Y. (2020). Entrepreneurship education in Indonesia: Current state and future prospects. Strategic: Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Bisnis, 20(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.17509/strategic.v20i1

Masuda, A. D., Poelmans, S. A., Allen, T. D., Spector, P. E., Lapierre, L. M., Cooper, C. L., ... & Moreno-Velazquez, I. (2012). Flexible work arrangements availability and their relationship with work-to-family conflict, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions: A multi-country study. Applied Psychology, 61(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2011.00453.x

Mtapuri, O., & Giampiccoli, A. (2019). Tourism, community-based tourism and the poor: A panacea for poverty or a new form of exploitation? African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 8(1), 1–17.

Oberländer, M., Beinicke, A., & Bipp, T. (2020). Digital competencies: A review of the literature and applications in the workplace. Computers & Education, 146, 103752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103752

Okazaki, E. (2008). A community-based tourism model: Its conception and use. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(5), 511–529. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580802159594

Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12–40.

Pine, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (1999). The experience economy: Work is theatre & every business a stage. Harvard Business School Press.

Preston, C. C., & Colman, A. M. (2000). Optimal number of response categories in rating scales: Reliability, validity, discriminating power, and respondent preferences. Acta Psychologica, 104(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-6918(99)00050-5

Sigala, M. (2018). New technologies in tourism: From multi-disciplinary to anti-disciplinary advances and trajectories. Tourism Management Perspectives, 25, 151–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.12.003

Tjiptono, F. (2014). Pemasaran jasa: Prinsip, penerapan, dan penelitian. Andi Offset.

UNWTO. (2023). Tourism and digital transformation. World Tourism Organization. https://www.unwto.org/tourism-digital-transformation

Van Deursen, A. J., & Van Dijk, J. A. (2014). The digital divide shifts to differences in usage. New Media & Society, 16(3), 507–526. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444813487959

Xiang, Z., Wang, D., O’Leary, J. T., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2015). Adapting to the internet: Trends in travelers’ use of the web for trip planning. Journal of Travel Research, 54(4), 511–527. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514522883

Zeithaml, V. A., Bitner, M. J., & Gremler, D. D. (2009). Services marketing: Integrating customer focus across the firm (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill/Irwin.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/strategic.v26i1.97377

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License

Strategic: Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Bisnis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

View My Stats