Correlation between Nutritional States with Hematological Toxicity in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Status gizi pada anak dengan acute lymphoblastic acute (ALL) diketahui dapat mempengaruhi efek samping yang mungkin timbul setelah dilakukan kemoterapi. Salah satu efek samping yang sering terjadi pada anak dengan ALL pasca kemoterapi adalah hematological toxicity. Hematological toxicity adalah efek toksik yang ditimbulkan dari obat kemoterapi yang menyebabkan gangguan pada sel darah yang bila tidak diatasi dengan baik dapat menimbulkan kematian. Hematological toxicity sering terjadi pada anak ALL pasca kemoterapi namun belum menjadi perhatian tenaga kesehatan terutama perawat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui hubungan antara status gizi dengan hematological toxicity pada anak ALL yang sedang menjalani kemoterapi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUP Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada bulan Desember 2016 dengan metode penelitian korelasi dengan pendekatan retrospektif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 198 responden yang diambil dari catatan rekam medis bulan Januari-Juli 2016 dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji Korelasi Spearman Rank (Rho). Hasil penelitian didapatkan 13 dari 17 responden berstatus gizi sangat kurus mengalami hematological toxicity dan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status gizi dengan hematological toxicity pada anak ALL (p=0,015) dengan korelasi yang sangat lemah (r=-0,172). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara status gizi dengan hematological toxicity pasca kemoterapi pada anak LLA yang menjalani kemoterapi. Oleh karena itu, pentingnya pengkajian status gizi dan monitoring tanda-tanda hematological toxicity untuk mencegah terjadinya efek buruk akibat dari pengobatan kemoterapi pada anak dengan ALL.
ABSTRACT
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children and one of the leading causes of death in children. Many factors affect the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, one of which is the nutritional status. Nutrition status in children with acute lymphoblastic acute is known to affect side effects that arise after chemotherapy. One of the side effects which often occur in children with ALL post chemotherapy was hematological toxicity. Hematological toxicity was one of the side effect chemotherapy if not treated properly can caused death. The aimed of this research was to analyze the correlation of nutritional status with hematological toxicity on children with ALL in chemotherapy. This study was done in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in Bandung in December 2016 with correlational research was performed with retrospective approach. 198 respondents were selected using purposive sampling taken from medical records during January-July in 2016. Data was analyzed using Spearman Rank Correlation Test (Rho). The study showed that 17 children with ALL were categorized in very thin (86,7%) suffered from hematological toxicity thus discovered significant correlation between nutritional status pre chemotherapy and hematological toxicity post chemotherapy in children with ALL (p=0,015) for a very weak correlation (r=-0,172). The conclusion in this study researched was that nutritional stated chemotherapy was correlated with hematological toxicity after chemotherapy in children with ALL. Therefore, assessment of nutritional status in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia should be done especially when chemotherapy treatment is being taken to minimize the occurrence of hematological toxicity
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpki.v4i1.12339
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