A Literature Review: Pengaruh Cognitive Therapy Terhadap Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Akibat Kekerasan pada Anak

Maria Susila Sumartiningsih, Yehezkiel E Prasetyo

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Studi literatur review ini dilatarbelakangi adanya fenomena empirik yang menggambarkan kejadian tindakan kekerasan pada anak yang semakin serius dari waktu ke waktu. Implikasi tindakan kekerasan berdampak pada perlukaan fisik, gangguan mental, sosial, spiritual bahkan sering menimbulkan kematian. Literatur ini ditunjukan untuk menganalisis secara teoritik pengaruh Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) terhadap Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) akibat kekerasan pada anak. Metode kajian literatur dilakukan terhadap tujuh artikel yang diperoleh dari sejumlah tiga database, EBSCO, PubMed, dan Springer Link. Kata kunci untuk pencarian artikel adalah “posttraumatic stress disorder”, “child abuse”, “cognitive behavior therapy”, dan “treatment” dengan “AND” sebagai Boolean operator. Hasil dari kajian literatur yaitu bahwa CBT memiliki pengaruh terhadap PTSD akibat kekerasan pada anak. Hasil artikel review berupa: 1) Perbaikan klinis; 2) Menurunkan masalah PTSD; 3) Menurunkan kecemasan; 4) Menurunkan komorbiditas; dan 5) Kurangnya perbaikan pada kelompok tunggu. Hasil kajian literatur tersebut membuktikan adanya penurunan nilai rata-rata PTSD dari waktu ke waktu pada anak. Kesimpulan dari kajian literatur adalah CBT berpengaruh terhadap PTSD akibat kekerasan pada anak. Rekomendasi kajian literatur ini dapat menjadikan CBT sebagai terapi alternatif yang digunakan pada anak dengan masalah PTSD.

ABSTRACT

The background of this literature review study is the emergence of empirical phenomena in the form of incidents of violence to children, child abuse who become more serious from time to time. The violence to children, child abuse implications have an impact on physical injury, mental disorder, social, spiritual and often even lead to death. Literature review study purposed to look at the effects of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) for the handling of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as a result of child abuse. A keywords literature review focused on seven articles was obtained from three databases, EBSCO, PubMed, and Springer Link. Keywords to search the article is "posttraumatic stress disorder", "child abuse", "cognitive behavior therapy" and "treatment" with "AND" as Boolean operators. The results of the literature review are the CBT has an influence on PTSD as a result of child abuse. CBT influence on PTSD found that 1) The clinical improvement; 2) Reduce problems of PTSD; 3) Reduce anxiety; 4) Lower comorbidity, and 5) lack of improvement in the waiting group. The results of the literature review prove decrease in the average value PTSD over time in children. Conclusions from the study of literature, CBT affect the handling of PTSD as a result of child abuse with the results that have been obtained from the literature review. The results of the literature review can make CBT as an alternative therapy for children with PTSD issues.


Keywords


Child abuse; Posttraumatic Stress Disoder; Cognitive Behavior Therapy; Treatment

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpki.v5i2.17429

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