Persepsi Perlindungan Hukum dan Aspek Etik terhadap Keinginan Perawat IGD Melakukan CPR pada Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA)

Wiwin Winarti, Rosiana Rosiana

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Kejadian henti jantung dapat terjadi dimana saja baik di rumah sakit maupun di luar rumah sakit atau Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA). Usaha untuk meningkatkan survival rate kejadian henti jantung adalah pemberian Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)/ resusitasi jantung paru (RJP) yang berkualitas. Faktor yang mempengaruhi seseorang untuk mau menjadi bystander CPR bukan hanya terkait pengetahuan dan teknik melakukan CPR namun juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial, kerelaan melakukan, kesiapan psikologis dan faktor lainnya seperti aspek etik dan hukum. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi perlindungan hukum dan aspek etik terhadap keinginan perawat dalam memberikan tindakan CPR pada kejadian Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan metode kuisioner yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti dan menggunakan total sampling yang melibatkan seluruh perawat IGD RSUD Budhi Asih sebanyak 30 orang. Analisis menggunakan uji Fisher’s Exact dan Cochran-Mantel Haenszel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden (56,7%) memiliki persepsi yang negatif terhadap perlindungan hukum terhadap bystander CPR pada OHCA. Meskipun demikian, perawat cenderung memiliki persepsi yang positif ketika menjawab pertanyaan terkait isu etik CPR pada korban anak-anak, wanita maupun lansia. Sebanyak 43,33% (13 perawat) memiliki keinginan positif untuk melakukan CPR pada OHCA sementara 56,67% (17 perawat) lainnya memiliki keinginan negatif sebagai bystander CPR. Hasil uji Cochran-Mantel Haenszel menunjukkan persepsi terhadap perlindungan hukum mempengaruhi keinginan perawat dalam memberikan CPR pada OHCA dan akan diperbesar kemungkinan memberikan CPR apabila perawat tersebut berusia ≥ 30 tahun (p 0,014; OR 14,133; 95% CI 2,081-95,947) dan memiliki masa kerja ≥ 5 tahun (p 0,008; OR 25,667; 95% CI 2,253-292,462). Promosi mengenai aspek legal dan etik, serta landasan hukum perlindungan terhadap bystander CPR menjadi penting untuk dapat meningkatkan keinginan perawat dan jumlah bystander CPR.

 

ABSTRACT

Cardiac arrest can occur anywhere in the hospital or outside the hospital, which is called Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA). An effort to increase the survival rate of cardiac arrest is the provision of quality Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Factors that influence a person's willingness to become a bystander CPR are not only related to the knowledge and techniques of conducting CPR but are also influenced by social factors, willingness, psychological readiness, and other factors such as ethical and legal aspects. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of perceptions of legal protection and ethical issues on the nurses' willingness to provide CPR in the OHCA incident. This study used a cross-sectional design using a questionnaire developed by researchers, conducted at Emergency Department Budhi Asih Regional Hospital in East Jakarta, and used a total sampling method involving 30 ED nurses. Fisher's Exact and Cochran-Mantel Haenszel tests were used to analyze the data. The study findings show that the majority of respondents (56.7%) have a negative perception of the legal protection of bystander CPR in OHCA. However, nurses have a positive perception when answering questions related to the ethical issue of CPR in victims of children, women, and the elderly. 43.33% (13 nurses) have a positive willingness to perform CPR on OHCA, while 56.67% (17 nurses) have a negative willingness as a bystander CPR. The results of the Cochran-Mantel Haenszel test show that perceptions of legal protection may influence nurses' willingness to provide CPPR to OHCA patient, and it will increase the likelihood of giving CPR if the nurse age is ≥ 30 years old (p 0.014; OR 14,133; 95% CI 2,081-95,947) and has been working for ≥ 5 years (p 0.008; OR 25,667; 95% CI 2,253-292,462). Promotion of the legal aspects, ethical issues, and protection to bystander CPR are essential to increase the willingness of nurses and the number of bystander CPR.

 


Keywords


persepsi; keinginan; bystander CPR; etik; perlindungan hukum

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpki.v6i2.23438

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