Model LocalityVeness (Local Competitiveness): Alternatif pengukuran daya saing pariwisata Indonesia berbasis kearifan lokal

Vyana Lohjiwa, Rika Fatimah, Affra Siti Nabilla, Yayang Anggrenesia

Abstract


Abstract

Competitiveness is a key factor in tourism sustainable development. At
the global level, tourism competitiveness is measured by Travel and
Tourism Development Index (TTDI). However, this indicator widely
criticized for being complex and not represent local tourism resources.
A number of countries have begun to replace TTDI with develop new
indicators based on local resources. In Indonesia, the government has
National Tourism Development Index (IPKN), but the indicators adopt
a global approach without reflecting identity of local resources. This
study aims to provide an alternative perspective tourism development
based on local resources. The research method used is qualitative
approach with a literature study technique. Data sources include book
of Kearifan Lokal Indonesia dan Lingkungan as local tourism
resources, TTDI documents as structure of global indicators, and
the G2R (Global Gotong Royong) Tetrapreneur approach as a bottom-
up framework. The results show that Indonesia has seven elements of
local tourism resources. The novelty show that formulation of
“LocalityVeness” (Local Competitiveness) model, which is a model for
measuring Indonesia's tourism competitiveness based on local
reources. This model is expected to be a conceptual alternative to
strengthen the sustainability, adaptability, and reflect the identity of
Indonesian tourism.

Abstrak

Daya saing merupakan faktor kunci dalam pengembangan pariwisata
berkelanjutan. Pada tingkat global, pengukuran daya saing pariwisata
menggunakan Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI). Namun,
indikator ini banyak dikritik karena bersifat kompleks dan kurang
merepresentasikan sumber daya pariwisata lokal. Sejumlah negara
mulai meninggalkan TTDI dan mengembangkan indikator berbasis
sumber daya lokal. Di Indonesia, pemerintah telah
mengembangkan Indeks Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Nasional
(IPKN), namun indikatornya mengadopsi pendekatan global tanpa
merefleksikan potensi dan identitas sumber daya lokal. Kajian ini
bertujuan memberikan pandangan alternatif bahwa penyusunan
indikator daya saing pariwisata seharusnya dilakukan berlandaskan
sumber daya dan kearifan lokal. Metode kajian yang digunakan
adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka. Sumber data
mencakup dokumen buku Kearifan Lokal Indonesia dan
Lingkungan untuk mengidentifikasi sumber daya pariwisata lokal,
dokumen TTDI untuk melihat struktur indikator global, serta 

pendekatan G2R (Global Gotong Royong) Tetrapreneur sebagai
kerangka berpikir pendekatan bottom-up. Hasil kajian menunjukkan
bahwa Indonesia memiliki tujuh unsur kearifan lokal. Kebaruan dari
kajian ini terletak pada perumusan model “LocalityVeness” (Local
Competitiveness), yaitu model pengukuran daya saing pariwisata
Indonesia yang berbasis kearifan lokal. Model ini diharapkan dapat
menjadi alternatif konseptual untuk memperkuat daya saing pariwisata
nasional yang berkelanjutan, adaptif, dan mencerminkan identitas
kepariwisataan Indonesia.


Keywords


Keywords: Local Competitiveness, Destinastion Competitiveness, Tetrapreneur, Authenticity

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jithor.v8i2.80266

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