Model LocalityVeness (Local Competitiveness): Alternatif pengukuran daya saing pariwisata Indonesia berbasis kearifan lokal

Vyana Lohjiwa, Rika Fatimah, Affra Siti Nabilla, Yayang Anggrenesia

Abstract


Abstract

Competitiveness is a key factor in tourism sustainable development. At the global level, tourism competitiveness is measured by Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI). However, this indicator widely criticized for being complex and not represent local tourism resources. A number of countries have begun to replace TTDI with develop new indicators based on local resources. In Indonesia, the government has National Tourism Development Index (IPKN), but the indicators adopt a global approach without reflecting identity of local resources. This study aims to provide an alternative perspective tourism development based on local resources. The research method used is qualitative approach with a literature study technique. Data sources include book of Kearifan Lokal Indonesia dan Lingkungan as local tourism resources, TTDI documents as structure of global indicators, and the G2R (Global Gotong Royong) Tetrapreneur approach as a bottom-up framework. The results show that Indonesia has seven elements of local tourism resources. The novelty show that formulation of “LocalityVeness” (Local Competitiveness) model, which is a model for measuring Indonesia's tourism competitiveness based on local resources. This model is expected to be a conceptual alternative to strengthen the sustainability, adaptability, and reflect the identity of Indonesian tourism.

Abstrak

Daya saing merupakan faktor kunci dalam pengembangan pariwisata berkelanjutan. Pada tingkat global, pengukuran daya saing pariwisata menggunakan Travel and Tourism Development Index (TTDI). Namun, indikator ini banyak dikritik karena bersifat kompleks dan kurang merepresentasikan sumber daya pariwisata lokal. Sejumlah negara mulai meninggalkan TTDI dan mengembangkan indikator berbasis sumber daya lokal. Di Indonesia, pemerintah telah mengembangkan Indeks Pembangunan Kepariwisataan Nasional (IPKN), namun indikatornya mengadopsi pendekatan global tanpa merefleksikan potensi dan identitas sumber daya lokal. Kajian ini bertujuan memberikan pandangan alternatif bahwa penyusunan indikator daya saing pariwisata seharusnya dilakukan berlandaskan sumber daya dan kearifan lokal. Metode kajian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka. Sumber data mencakup dokumen buku Kearifan Lokal Indonesia dan Lingkungan untuk mengidentifikasi sumber daya pariwisata lokal, dokumen TTDI untuk melihat struktur indikator global, serta pendekatan G2R (Global Gotong Royong) Tetrapreneur sebagai kerangka berpikir pendekatan bottom-up. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki tujuh unsur kearifan lokal. Kebaruan dari kajian ini terletak pada perumusan model “LocalityVeness” (Local Competitiveness), yaitu model pengukuran daya saing pariwisata Indonesia yang berbasis kearifan lokal. Model ini diharapkan dapat menjadi alternatif konseptual untuk memperkuat daya saing pariwisata nasional yang berkelanjutan, adaptif, dan mencerminkan identitas kepariwisataan Indonesia


Keywords


Keywords: Local Competitiveness, Destinastion Competitiveness, Tetrapreneur, Authenticity

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jithor.v8i2.80266

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