REKONSTRUKSI ETHOS GURU DAN MURID DALAM PENDIDIKAN ISLAM BERBASIS CINTA: STUDI PEMIKIRAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM BERDASARKAN KITAB BIDAYATUL HIDAYAH
Abstract
Islamic education faces a serious challenge regarding the degradation of pedagogical relationships between teachers and students, which have become increasingly transactional and have lost their spiritual dimension. This study aims to: (1) analyze the concept of the teacher's ethos in Islamic education based on the Bidayatul Hidayah by Imam Al-Ghazali; (2) analyze the concept of the student's ethos in Islamic education based on the same work; and (3) reconstruct the love-based ethos of teachers and students in contemporary Islamic education as a response to prevailing challenges. This research employs a qualitative approach with library research design, analyzing the text of Bidayatul Hidayah as the primary data source, supported by secondary literature including classical texts, books, journals, and relevant scholarly works. Data were collected through documentation and in-depth textual analysis, and analyzed using Grounded Theory methodology through three stages: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The findings reveal that the teacher's ethos in Bidayatul Hidayah encompasses compassion, patience, exemplary conduct, moral responsibility, and intellectual humility. The student's ethos includes respect for the teacher, academic decorum, tawadhu' (humility), earnestness in learning, and husnuzan (positive assumption). Both ethoses are integrated within a spiritual dimension encompassing taqwa, dhikr, and divine orientation, together forming a humanistic love-based educational relational model as the foundation of transformative Islamic education.
Pendidikan Islam menghadapi tantangan serius terkait degradasi relasi pedagogis antara guru dan murid yang semakin bersifat transaksional dan kehilangan dimensi spiritual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis konsep ethos guru dalam pendidikan Islam berdasarkan Kitab Bidayatul Hidayah karya Imam Al-Ghazali; (2) menganalisis konsep ethos murid dalam pendidikan Islam berdasarkan Kitab Bidayatul Hidayah; serta (3) merekonstruksi ethos guru dan murid berbasis cinta dalam pendidikan Islam kontemporer sebagai respons terhadap tantangan yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research) melalui analisis teks Kitab Bidayatul Hidayah sebagai sumber data primer, didukung literatur sekunder berupa kitab-kitab klasik, buku, jurnal, dan karya ilmiah relevan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dokumentasi dan kajian mendalam terhadap teks sumber, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan metode Grounded Theory melalui tiga tahapan: open coding, axial coding, dan selective coding . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ethos guru dalam Bidayatul Hidayah mencakup dimensi kasih sayang, kesabaran, keteladanan, tanggung jawab moral, dan kerendahan hati intelektual. Ethos murid meliputi penghormatan kepada guru, kesantunan akademik, tawadhu', kesungguhan belajar, dan husnuzan. Kedua ethos ini terintegrasi dalam dimensi spiritual berupa ketakwaan, zikir, dan orientasi ilahiah, yang bersama-sama membentuk model relasi edukatif humanis berbasis cinta (mahabbah) sebagai fondasi pendidikan Islam transformatif.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/e.v25i2.101992
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