Changes of heavy metal concentrations in Shitalakhya river water of Bangladesh with seasons

Md. Humayun Kabir, Md. Sirajul Islam, Tanmoy Roy Tusher, Md. Enamul Hoq, Shamim Al Mamun

Abstract


Heavy metal concentrations in water and fish of the Shitalakhya river was measured to find out the suitability of its water for drinking and irrigation purposes. The concentrations of Pb, Cu, Cr, Zn, Cd and Hg in water were 0.0065; 0.0240; 0.0069; 0.8170; 0.0044; and 0.0057 mg/L, respectively in pre-monsoon, 0.0029; 0.0151; 0.0019; 0.4270; 0.0015; and 0.0020 mg/L, respectively in monsoon, and 0.0040; 0.0212; 0.0039; 0.6520; 0.0029; and 0.0031 mg/L, respectively in post-monsoon season. The heavy metal concentrations were found higher in pre-monsoon followed by post-monsoon and monsoon. The results also depicted that over the three seasons heavy metal pollution index and heavy metal evaluation index for all metals were lower than the critical pollution index value and low heavy metal contamination, respectively, and the degree of contamination in pre-monsoon season stated medium level pollution, followed by post-monsoon and monsoon season. The concentrations of Pb, Cu, and Cr in fish were found less than the lower detection limit, while the Zn were found 25.42; 18.30; and 29.34 mg/kg during the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon, respectively. The study concluded that the Shitalakhya river water was not safe for the aquatic environment, especially for aquatic biota.


Keywords


Heavy metal; Water; Fish; Aquatic environment; Pollution index; Shitalakhya river.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Afrin, R., Mia, M. Y., Ahsan, M. A., Akbor, M. A., & Akter, S. (2015). Status of water pollution in respect of physicochemical parameters and anions in the Turag river of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Environmental Science, 28, 113-118.

Ahmad, M.K., Islam, S., Rahman, S., Haque, M.R., & Islam, M.M. (2010). Heavy metals in water, sediment and some fishes of Buriganga River, Bangladesh. ‎International Journal of Environmental Research, 4(2),321-332.

Ahmed, A. T. A., Mandal, S., Chowdhury, D. A., Tareq, A. R. M., & Rahman, M. M. (2012). Bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in Ayre Fish (Sperata Aor Hamilton, 1822), sediment and water of Dhaleshwari River in dry season. Bangladesh Journal of Zoology, 40(1), 147-153.

Ahmed, M., Bhowmik, A. C., Rahman, S., & Haque, M. (2010). Heavy metal concentration in water, sediments, freshwater mussels and fishes of the river shitalakhya, Bangladesh. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution, 7(1), 77-90.

Alam, A.M.S., Islam, M.A., Rahman, M.A., Ahmed, A., Islam, S., Sultana, K.S., & Siddique, M.N. (2004). Transport of toxic metal through the major river system of Bangladesh. ‎Journal of Chemical Society of Pakistan, 26(3), 328-332.

Alam, M. J., Islam, M. R., Muyen, Z., Mamun, M., & Islam, S. (2007). Water quality parameters along rivers. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 4(1), 159-167.

Armah, F. A., Obiri, S., Yawson, D. O., Onumah, E. E., Yengoh, G. T., Afrifa, E. K., & Odoi, J. O. (2010). Anthropogenic sources and environmentally relevant concentrations of heavy metals in surface water of a mining district in Ghana: a multivariate statistical approach. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A, 45(13), 1804-1813.

Backman, B., Bodiš, D., Lahermo, P., Rapant, S., & Tarvainen, T. (1998). Application of a groundwater contamination index in Finland and Slovakia. Environmental Geology, 36(1-2), 55-64.

Bhuiyan, M. A. H., Suruvi, N. I., Dampare, S. B., Islam, M. A., Quraishi, S. B., Ganyaglo, S., & Suzuki, S. (2011). Investigation of the possible sources of heavy metal contamination in lagoon and canal water in the tannery industrial area in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 175(1-4), 633-649.

Bhuiyan, M. A. H., Dampare, S. B., Islam, M. A., & Suzuki, S. (2015). Source apportionment and pollution evaluation of heavy metals in water and sediments of Buriganga River, Bangladesh, using multivariate analysis and pollution evaluation indices. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 187(1), 4075.

Brraich, O. S., & Jangu, S. (2015). Evaluation of water quality pollution indices for heavy metal contamination monitoring in the water of Harike Wetland (Ramsar Site), India. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(2), 1-6.

Censi, P. A. O. L. O., Spoto, S. E., Saiano, F. I. L. I. P. P. O., Sprovieri, M., Mazzola, S., Nardone, G., Geronimo, S.I.D., Punturo, R., & Ottonello, D. (2006). Heavy metals in coastal water systems. A case study from the northwestern Gulf of Thailand. Chemosphere, 64(7), 1167-1176.

Ebrahimpour, M., & Mushrifah, I. (2008). Heavy metal concentrations in water and sediments in Tasik Chini, a freshwater lake, Malaysia. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 141(1-3), 297-307.

ECR (1997). Environment Conservation Rules. Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh.

Edet, A. E., & Offiong, O. E. (2002). Evaluation of water quality pollution indices for heavy metal contamination monitoring. A study case from Akpabuyo-Odukpani area, Lower Cross River Basin (southeastern Nigeria). GeoJournal, 57(4), 295-304.

Edet, A. E., Merkel, B. J., & Offiong, O. E. (2003). Trace element hydrochemical assessment of the Calabar Coastal Plain Aquifer, southeastern Nigeria using statistical methods. Environmental Geology, 44(2), 137-149.

FAO (1984). Food and Agricultural Organization. List of maximum levels recommended for contaminants by the Joint FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission. Series 2nd CAC/FAL, Rome.

Fernandes, C., Fontaínhas-Fernandes, A., Cabral, D., & Salgado, M. A. (2008). Heavy metals in water, sediment and tissues of Liza saliens from Esmoriz–Paramos lagoon, Portugal. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 136(1-3), 267-275.

Ghafoor, A., Qadir, M., Sadiq, M., Murtaza, G., & Brar, M. S. (2004). Lead, copper, zinc and iron concentrations in soils and vegetables irrigated with city effluent on urban agricultural lands. Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, 52(1), 114-117.

Haque, M. R., Ahmad, J. U., Chowdhury, M. D. A., Ahmed, M. K., & Rahman, M. S. (2004). Seasonal variation of heavy metals concentration in sediments of the rivers and estuaries of Sundarban mangrove forest. Asian Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, 6(2), 175-185.

Haque, M. R., Ahmed, M. K., Ahmad, J. U., & Chowdhury, M. D. A. (2007). Seasonal variation of heavy metals in some molluscs of Sundarban mangrove forest, Bangladesh. Pakistan Journal of Oceanography, 2(2), 81-98.

Haque, M. R., Ahmed, M. K., Mannaf, M. A., & Islam, M. M. (2006). Seasonal variation of heavy metals concentrations in Gudusia chapra inhabiting the Sundarban mangrove forest. Journal of NOAMI, 23(1), 1-21.

Haque, M.I. (2008). Water resources management in Bangladesh. Anushilan Publishers, Chuadanga and Dhaka

Hasan, S.J., Tanu, M.B., Haidar, M.S., Ahmed, T., Rubel, A.K.M.S.A. (2015). Physiochemical characteristics and accumulation of heavy metals in water and sediments of the river Dakatia, Bangladesh. International Journal of Fish Aquatic Studies, 2(5), 300-304.

Hassan, M., Rahman, M. A. T., Saha, B., & Kamal, A. K. I. (2015). Status of heavy metals in water and sediment of the Meghna River, Bangladesh. American Journal of Environmental Sciences, 11(6), 427.

Hoaghi, M. A., Roman, C., Ristoiu, D., Popita, G., & Tanaselia, C. (2013). Assessing of water quality pollution indices for heavy metal contamination. a study case from medias city groundwaters. Agricultura, 87(3-4).

Eneji, I. S., Sha’Ato, R., & Annune, P. A. (2011). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish (Tilapia zilli and Clarias gariepinus) organs from River Benue, North-Central Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Analytical Environmental Chemistry, 12(1), 25-31.

Islam, M. M., Rahman, S. L., Ahmed, S. U., & Haque, M. K. I. (2014). Biochemical characteristics and accumulation of heavy metals in fishes, water and sediments of the river Buriganga and Shitalakhya of Bangladesh. Journal of Asian scientific research, 4(6), 270-279.

Islam, M. Z., Azim, M. A., Islam, R., & Quraishi, S. B. (2008). Seasonal Variation of Heavy metals in water samples from the Sitalakhya River. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, 32(1), 13-22.

Jolly, Y. N., Akter, J. S., Kabir, A. I., & Akbar, S. (2013). Trace elements contamination in the river padma. Bangladesh Journal of Physics, 13, 95-102.

Karadede, H., Oymak, S. A., & Ünlü, E. (2004). Heavy metals in mullet, Liza abu, and catfish, Silurus triostegus, from the Atatürk Dam Lake (Euphrates), Turkey. Environment International, 30(2), 183-188.

Lohani, M. B., Singh, A., Rupainwar, D. C., & Dhar, D. N. (2008). Seasonal variations of heavy metal contamination in river Gomti of Lucknow city region. Environmental Monitoring and assessment, 147(1-3), 253-263.

MacFarlane, G. R., & Burchett, M. D. (2000). Cellular distribution of copper, lead and zinc in the grey mangrove, Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. Aquatic Botany, 68(1), 45-59.

Sultana, M. S. (2012). Toxic Metal Contamination on the River near Industrial Area of Dhaka. Universal Journal of Environmental Research & Technology, 2(2), 56-64.

Malik, N., Biswas, A. K., Qureshi, T. A., Borana, K., & Virha, R. (2010). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish tissues of a freshwater lake of Bhopal. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 160(1-4), 267.

Mohan, S. V., Nithila, P., & Reddy, S. J. (1996). Estimation of heavy metals in drinking water and development of heavy metal pollution index. Journal of Environmental Science & Health Part A, 31(2), 283-289.

Mokaddes, M. A. A., Nahar, B. S., & Baten, M. A. (2012). Status of heavy metal contaminations of Drain water of Dhaka Metropolitan city. Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, 5(2), 11-14.

Jannat, N., Mottalib, M. A., & Alam, M. N. (2019). Assessment of Physico-chemical Properties of Surface Water of Mokeshbeel, Gazipur. Bangladesh Journal of Environmental Science and Current Research, 2, 014.

Nasrabadi, T. (2015). An IndexApproach toMetallic Pollution in RiverWaters. International Journal of Environmental Research, 9(1), 385-394.

Prasad, B., & Bose, J. (2001). Evaluation of the heavy metal pollution index for surface and spring water near a limestone mining area of the lower Himalayas. Environmental Geology, 41(1-2), 183-188.

Rabbani, G., & Sharif, M.I. (2005). Dhaka city-state of environment (SoE)-2005. UNEP in collaboration with BCAS and DoE, Bangladesh.

Rashid, H., Hasan, M. N., Tanu, M. B., Parveen, R., Sukhan, Z. P., Rahman, M. S., & Mahmud, Y. (2012). Heavy metal pollution and chemical profile of Khiru river, Bangladesh. International Journal of Environment, 2(1), 57-63.

Reddy, S.J. (1995). Encyclopedia of environmental pollution and control. India: Environmental Media.

Rehnuma, M., Islam, M.S., Meghla, N.T., & Kabir, M.H. (2016). Heavy metal exploration in water and fish from Bangshi river at Mirzapur area under Tangail district of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Environmetal Science, 30, 7-12.

Reza, R., & Singh, G. (2010). Heavy metal contamination and its indexing approach for river water. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 7(4), 785-792.

Seshan, B. R. R., Natesan, U., & Deepthi, K. (2010). Geochemical and statistical approach for evaluation of heavy metal pollution in core sediments in southeast coast of India. International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology, 7(2), 291-306.

Shil, S.C. (2013). Investigation of heavy metal contamination in water, sediment and fishes from the Mongla port area near Sundarbans mangrove, Bangladesh. MS Thesis, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

Sobhanardakani, S., Jamali, M., Maànijou, M. (2014). Evaluation of As, Zn, Cr and Mn concentrations in groundwater resources of Razan Plain and preparing the zoning map using GIS. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 16(2), 25-38.

Storelli, M.M., Storelli, A., D’ddabbo, R., Marano, C., Bruno, R., & Marcotrigiano, G.O. (2005). Trace elements in loggerhead turtles (Carettacaretta) from the eastern Mediterranean Sea: overview and evaluation. Environmental Pollution, 135(1), 163-170.

Subramanian, B. (2004). Water quality in south Asia. Asian Journal of Water Environmental Pollution, 1(1-2), 41-54.

Tareq, S. M., Rahaman, M. S., Rikta, S. Y., Islam, S. N., & Sultana, M. S. (2013). Seasonal variations in water quality of the Ganges and Brahmaputra River, Bangladesh. Jahangirnagar University Environmental Bulletin, 2, 71-82.

USEPA (1999) United States Environmental Protection Agency, Screening level ecological risk assessment protocol for hazardous waste combustion facilities, Appendix E: Toxicity reference values. Washington DC, USA

Zakir, H.M., Sharmin, S., & Shikazono, N. (2006). Heavy metal pollution assessment in water and sediments of Turag River at Tongi area in Bangladesh. International Journal of Lake and River, 1(1), 85-96.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v5i3.25007

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology is published by UPI.
StatCounter - Free Web Tracker and Counter
View My Stats