Autonomy Practiced by English Primary School Teachers to Develop Teaching Professionalism

Hasbie Felayabi, Pupung Purnawarman, Didi Sukyadi

Abstract


Teachers’ autonomy allows teachers to be in charge of their teaching, from preparing syllabuses, teaching materials, and evaluation. For elementary school teachers, this autonomy is essential since this level of education is fundamental to the lifelong learning process. Teachers’ autonomy can also be a form of professional action that leads to professional development. Hence, this study aims at identifying teachers’ perceptions about teachers’ autonomy, finding out what they have implemented in promoting teachers’ autonomy, and acknowledging their awareness of the importance of teachers’ autonomy. This study employed qualitative research and case studies as its framework. Online questionnaires were distributed to elementary school teachers of public and private schools, and interviews were conducted to follow up on the answers obtained from the questionnaires. The results suggest that teachers’ autonomy was driven by the teachers’ needs for personal and professional development. It was also revealed that the participants had practiced the five dimensions of autonomy-supportive practices, namely organizational and procedural autonomy, rationale and relevance, responsiveness, feedback, and cognitive autonomy support. Additionally, they also believe that the practice of teachers’ autonomy will be optimal with the support of the managerial system, be it the school, the stakeholders, or the government.


Keywords


English teacher, teacher autonomy, teacher perception, teacher professionalism.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdu, W. J. (2019). A Teacher’s Autonomy in Assessing Students’ Performance: A Brief Conceptual Review on The Assessment of Learning Outcomes. Educational Administration Research and Review, 3(1), 49–53. https://doi.org/10.17509/earr.v3i1.21717

Allwright, D. (1999). Putting learning on the classroom agenda: a case for learner-based ‘Exploratory Practice.’ 25th Annual JALT Conference in Gunma, Japan.

Aoki, N. (2002). Aspects of teacher autonomy: Capacity, freedom and responsibility. Learner Autonomy, 7, 110–124.

Ary, D., Jacobs, L., Razavieh, A., & Sorensen, C. (2009). Introduction to Research in Education. Wadsworth. https://books.google.com/books?id=FqF7n0zGJm0C&pgis=1

Bauman, S. S. M. (2012). Fostering Resilience in Children. In Counseling across the Lifespan: Prevention and Treatment (pp. 41–56). https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452231792.n3

Benson, P. (2013). Teaching and researching: Autonomy in language learning. In Teaching and Researching: Autonomy in Language Learning. Longman. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833767

Blase, J., & Kirby, P. C. (1991). Bringing Out the Best in Teachers: What Effective Principals Do. 135.

Bozack, A. R., Vega, R., Mccaslin, M., & Good, T. L. (2008). Teacher support of student autonomy in comprehensive school reform classrooms. In Teachers College Record (Vol. 110, Issue 11, pp. 2389–2407). Teachers College, Columbia University.

Bradshaw, D., Hoyle, E., & John, P. (1996). Professional Knowledge and Professional Practice. British Journal of Educational Studies, 44(1), 102. https://doi.org/10.2307/3121708

Brehm, B., Breen, P., Brown, B., Long, L., Smith, R., Wall, A., & Warren, N. S. (2006). An interdisciplinary approach to introducing professionalism. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 70(4), 81. https://doi.org/10.5688/aj700481

Buğra, C., & Atay, F. (2017). A qualitative study on EFL teachers’ self-perceived beliefs about teacher autonomy. International Journal of Curriculum and Instruction, 12(1), 235–250.

Byrd, C. M. (2016). Does Culturally Relevant Teaching Work? An Examination From Student Perspectives. SAGE Open, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244016660744

Cabugsa, D. (2022). Pre-service teachers’ autonomy in English language learning. Saudi Journal of Language Studies. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJLS-03-2022-0025

Cirocki, A., & Anam, S. (2021). ‘How much freedom do we have?’ The perceived autonomy of secondary school EFL teachers in Indonesia. Language Teaching Research, 13621688211007472. https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688211007472

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2002). Research Methods in Education. In Research Methods in Education. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203224342

Creasy, K. (2015). Defining Professionalism in Teacher Education Programs. Online Submission, 2(2), 23–25.

Cruickshank, D. R., & Haefele, D. (2001). Good Teachers, Plural., Educational Leadership, 2001.

Danielson, C. (2013). The framework for teaching. https://danielsongroup.org/framework

Dincer, A. (2019). Language Teacher Autonomy in Turkish EFL Context: Relations with Teachers’ Autonomy and Job Satisfaction Levels. Journal on English Language Teaching, 9(2), 11–25.

Furtak, E. M., & Kunter, M. (2012). Effects of autonomy-supportive teaching on student learning and motivation. Journal of Experimental Education, 80(3), 284–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220973.2011.573019

Gabryś-Barker, D. (2017). Preservice teachers’ perceptions of teacher autonomy. In Second Language Learning and Teaching (pp. 161–177). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07764-2_10

Gawlik, M. A. (2005). Cutting loose: Autonomy and education in charter schools [University Of California, Berkeley]. In ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. https://search.proquest.com/docview/305031639?accountid=14509%0Ahttp://ucelinks.cdlib.org:8888/sfx_local?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&genre=dissertations+%26+theses&sid=ProQ:Dissertations+%26+Theses+%40+University+of+C

Gül, D., & Costu, B. (2021). To What Extent Do Teachers of Gifted Students Identify Inner and Intermodal Relations in Knowledge Representation? Mimbar Sekolah Dasar, 8(1), 55–80. https://doi.org/10.53400/mimbar-sd.v8i1.31333

Hall, G. E., & Hord, S. M. (1987). Change in Schools: Facilitating the Process. SUNY Series in Educational Leadership. (p. 393). Publication Sales, SUNY Press, State University of New York-Albany, SUNY Plaza, Albany, NY 12222 ($18.95). http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/detail?accno=ED332261

Han, L. (2017). The Connotations of Language Teacher Autonomy. English Language Teaching, 10(10), 134. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n10p134

Hmelo-Silver, C. E., Duncan, R. G., & Chinn, C. A. (n.d.). Scaffolding and Achievement in Problem-Based and Inquiry Learning: A Response to Kirschner, Sweller, and Clark (2006). EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGIST, 42(2), 99–107.

Hopmann, S. (2015). ‘Didaktik meets Curriculum’ revisited: historical encounters, systematic experience, empirical limits. Https://Doi.Org/10.3402/Nstep.v1.27007, 2015(1). https://doi.org/10.3402/NSTEP.V1.27007

Huang, J. (2005). Teacher autonomy in language learning: A review of the research. Research Studies in Education. Research Studies in Education, 3, 203–218.

Ingersoll, R. M. (1996). Teachers’ Decision-Making Power and School Conflict. Sociology of Education, 69(2), 159–176. https://doi.org/10.2307/2112804

Ingersoll, R. M. (2009). Who Controls Teachers’ Work?: Power and Accountability in America’s Schools. Harvard University Press.

Iphofen, R., & Tolich, M. (2019). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research Ethics. In The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research Ethics. SAGE Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526435446

Kramer, P. A. (2003). The ABC’s of Professionalism. Kappa Delta Pi Record, 40(1), 22–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/00228958.2003.10516409

Little, D. (1995). Learning as dialogue: The dependence of learner autonomy on teacher autonomy. System, 23(2), 175–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/0346-251X(95)00006-6

McHugh, R. M., Horner, C. G., Colditz, J. B., & Wallace, T. L. (2012). Bridges and Barriers: Adolescent Perceptions of Student–Teacher Relationships. Urban Education, 48(1), 9–43. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085912451585

Merriam-Webster. (2002). Autonomy. In Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary.

Nisbet, J. D., & Watt, J. (1978). Case Study, Rediguide No. 26. University of Nottingham School of Education.

Ramadhan, M. F. (2020). Pre-Service Teachers’ Perception In Experience Of Teacher Autonomy In Transformational Teaching. Islamic University of Indonesia Yogyakarta.

Reeve, J., & Jang, H. (2006). What teachers say and do to support students’ autonomy during a learning activity. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98(1), 209–218. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.98.1.209

Rogat, T. K., Witham, S. A., & Chinn, C. A. (2014). Teachers’ Autonomy-Relevant Practices within an Inquiry-Based Science Curricular Context: Extending the Range of Academically Significant Autonomy-Supportive Practices: Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/016146811411600708, 116(7). https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811411600708

Sehrawat, J. (2014). Teacher Autonomy : Key to Teaching success. BHARTIYAM INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION & RESEARCH A Quarterly Peer Reviewed International Journal of Research & Education, 4(1), 2277–1255.

Sinclair, B., McGrath, I., & Lamb, T. (2000). Learner Autonomy, Teacher Autonomy: Future Directions. Undefined.

Slippery Rock University Student Teaching Handbook. (2015).

Smith, R. C. (2000). Starting with ourselves : teacher-learner autonomy in language learning. Longman.

Sockett, H. (1993). The moral base for teacher professionalism. In Professional ethics in education series. Teachers College Press.

Stefanou, C. R., Perencevich, K. C., DiCintio, M., & Turner, J. C. (2004). Supporting Autonomy in the Classroom: Ways Teachers Encourage Student Decision Making and Ownership. Undefined, 39(2), 97–110. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3902_2

Sugawara, E., & Nikaido, H. (2014). Properties of AdeABC and AdeIJK efflux systems of Acinetobacter baumannii compared with those of the AcrAB-TolC system of Escherichia coli. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 58(12), 7250–7257. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.03728-14

Tichenor, M. S., & Tichenor, J. M. (2005). Understanding Teachers ’ Perspectives on Professionalism. The Professional Educator, 27(1), 89–95.

Usma, J. (2007). Teacher autonomy: A critical review of the researcher and concept beyond applied linguistics. Íkala, Revista De Lenguaje Y Cultura, 12(18), 245–275. http://goo.gl/VhPzpp




DOI: https://doi.org/10.53400/mimbar-sd.v9i1.44130

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2022 Mimbar Sekolah Dasar

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

View Mimbar Sekolah Dasar Stats