IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN STRATEJIK BERBASIS KEMITRAAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU SMK (Studi Pada SMK Kelompok Teknologi Bidang Otomotif di Kota Yogyakarta)

Zainal Arifin

Abstract


Pada awal millenium ketiga ini dunia pendidikan Indonesia khususnya pendidkan kejuruan, dihadapkan pada tantangan global, dalam mengadapi  persaingan tenaga kerja di wilayah regional Asia, baik dalam konteks Asean Free Trade Association (AFTA) maupun Asean Free Labor Association (AFLA). Isu penting saat ini adalah seberapa besar penyelenggaraan pendidikan kejuruan (SMK) relevan dengan kebutuhan masyarakat, terutama kebutuhan dunia usaha maupun industri. Ketidaksesuaian (mismatch) ini telah menjadi isu utama yang menyebabkan polemik berkepanjangan antara dunia usaha, dunia industri dan dunia pendidikan. Salah satu upaya untuk mewujudkan keselarasan SMK dengan dunia industri yang perlu dikembangkan baik oleh lembaga pendidikan maupun dunia usaha dan masyarakat adalah mengembangkan jejaring kerjasama (cooperation networking) yang saling menguntungkan khususnya dalam mencapai tujuan bersama. Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin memperoleh gambaran empirik tentang kerjasama kemitraan antara SMK dengan dunia industri dalam perencanaan strategi, implementasi, efektifitas, hasil dan manfaat kerjasama kemitraan dalam pengembangan sekolah. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif naturalistik, dengan metode deskriptif dan studi kasus, serta tehnik penelitian menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada umumnya semua SMK di Kota Yogyakarta telah melakukan kerjasama kemitraan dengan industri pasangan khususnya dalam pelaksanaan program PKL/PSG. Sebagai wujud dari kerjasama kemitraan dengan dunia industri SMK telah memiliki skenario pengembangan kerjasama kemitraan  yang dituangkan dalam RIPS, sebagai wujud implementasi manajemen stratejik, dan kerjasama kemitraan dalam pengembangan sekolah. Namun  sebagian besar SMK belum mampu memberdayakan semua potensi industri pasangan untuk pengembangan sekolah, khususnya dalam pengembangan sumber belajar yang dibutuhkan dalam pengembangan PBM dan unit produksi dan jasa sebagai implementasi production base education dan work base education belum dapat diimpelementasikan.

This study is aimed to obtain empirical overview of partnership between the vocational school and the industries in strategic planning, implementation, effectiveness, outcomes and benefits of partnership in development of the school. The study applies  qualitative naturalistic approac, with descriptive methods and case studies, obtained data by using interviews, observation and documentation. To analyzed data, the researcher used SWOT analysis and ethical-emic, in order to determine the strategic aspects, which then became the development of alternative conceptual model of partnership, namely the development of conceptual models developed a vision to empower all school stakeholders, especially the user, developing and revitalizing the structure function of the development team.

The research shows that most of vocational schools, in the city of Yogyakarta, have  cooperating partnerships with industry partners, especially in the implementation of PKL/PSG (industrial job training). Most of SMK have not been able to empower all potential industry partners for school development cooperation programs of the most prominent is the implementation of the PKL/PSG, job training for teachers and technicians, curriculum validation, competency assessment and employees recruitment. While the development of learning resources needed in the development of the learning process and the unit of production and services as a production base implementation of work base education and production base education, has not been able implemented, and there is  only one has been able to empower industry partners in the development of school. The implications of this research, it is expected to the develop the alternative conceptual models of partnership can be implemented in vocational schools, so as to be driven and the driver in the development of the school.


Keywords


Manajemen stratejik, kerjasama kemitraan, Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan, SMK. Strategic management, partnership cooperation, vocational school, job training

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jap.v14i1.6708

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