ALSUNIYAT: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Arab applies a double-blind peer-review system, in which the identities of authors and reviewers are concealed from each other throughout the peer-review process. The journal aims to ensure that submitted manuscripts are evaluated fairly, objectively, and rigorously by qualified experts in the relevant fields.

Each manuscript that passes the initial editorial screening is evaluated by at least two independent peer reviewers. The reviewers are selected based on their expertise and the relevance of their academic backgrounds to the subject of the manuscript. The Section Editor coordinates the review process and makes recommendations based on the reviewers’ reports, while the Editor-in-Chief retains final authority over publication decisions.

Step 1. Initial Editorial Screening (Approximately 2 Weeks)

Upon submission, the Editorial Team conducts an initial assessment to determine whether the manuscript meets the journal’s basic requirements before it proceeds to peer review.

The screening includes:

1. Scope and relevance: assessing whether the manuscript falls within the aims and scope of ALSUNIYAT.
2. Submission completeness: checking the required files, author information, declarations, and other submission documents.
3. Author guidelines: examining compliance with the journal’s formatting, language, abstract, keyword, reference, and citation requirements.
4. Plagiarism screening: checking text similarity using Turnitin. ALSUNIYAT requires an overall similarity index of less than 15%, subject to further editorial assessment of the similarity report in accordance with the journal’s Plagiarism Policy.
5. Publication ethics: checking compliance with the journal’s requirements concerning originality, authorship, conflicts of interest, funding disclosures, and the declaration of AI-assisted technologies, where applicable.

Manuscripts that do not meet the journal’s scope or fundamental submission requirements may be rejected or returned to the authors for correction without proceeding to external peer review. Manuscripts that satisfy the initial requirements are forwarded to the Section Editor for reviewer assignment.

The corresponding author will be informed of the initial screening outcome through the journal’s official communication channel.

Step 2. Double-Blind Peer Review (Approximately 2–4 Months)

Manuscripts that pass the initial screening are assigned to a Section Editor, who selects and invites at least two independent reviewers with relevant expertise.

The journal uses a double-blind review process. Authors must ensure that the manuscript and any associated files intended for reviewers do not disclose their identities. Reviewers must maintain the confidentiality of the submitted manuscript and provide objective, constructive, and evidence-based assessments.

Reviewers evaluate manuscripts according to relevant criteria, including:

• Relevance to the journal’s scope.
• Originality and scholarly contribution.
• Adequacy of the literature review and engagement with relevant scholarship.
• Appropriateness and rigor of the research methods.
• Accuracy and clarity of the analysis and interpretation.
• Consistency between the research objectives, findings, and conclusions.
• Quality of academic writing, organization, and presentation.
• Compliance with research ethics and publication integrity requirements.

Based on their assessments, reviewers may recommend one of the following outcomes:

1. Accept: The manuscript is suitable for publication without substantive revision, subject to the editor’s final decision.
2. Minor Revision: The manuscript requires limited corrections or clarifications before a final decision can be made.
3. Major Revision: The manuscript requires substantial revision and further editorial evaluation, which may include another round of peer review.
4. Reject: The manuscript does not meet the journal’s requirements for publication.

Reviewer recommendations are advisory and do not constitute a final publication decision. The Section Editor evaluates the review reports and may request additional reviews if the reports are substantially inconsistent, inconclusive, or insufficient to support a decision.

Step 3. Revision Stage (Normally Within 2 Weeks)

When revisions are requested, the corresponding author is notified of the editorial decision and receives the reviewers’ comments and revision instructions, subject to the journal’s confidentiality procedures.

Authors are expected to submit the revised manuscript within the deadline specified in the decision letter, normally within two weeks. The deadline may be adjusted by the editorial team depending on the scope and complexity of the requested revisions.

Authors must provide a point-by-point response explaining how each reviewer comment has been addressed. Where a suggestion is not adopted, the authors should provide a clear academic justification.

The Section Editor evaluates the revised manuscript and the authors’ responses. Depending on the nature of the revisions, the manuscript may be returned to the original reviewers for further assessment or evaluated directly by the Section Editor.

If the revision is incomplete or does not adequately address substantive concerns, further revision may be requested. Failure to submit revisions within the specified deadline without an approved extension may result in the manuscript being closed or rejected.

Step 4. Final Editorial Decision

After the peer-review and revision process, the Section Editor provides a recommendation based on the reviewers’ reports, the quality of the revised manuscript, and the authors’ responses.

The Editor-in-Chief makes the final decision to accept or reject the manuscript, taking into account the Section Editor’s recommendation and the peer-review reports. The journal may reject a manuscript if it fails to address essential reviewer concerns, does not meet the journal’s scholarly standards, or violates its publication ethics policies.

A manuscript is considered accepted only after the journal has issued an official acceptance decision. A Letter of Acceptance (LoA) may be issued after formal acceptance in accordance with the journal’s administrative procedures.

Following acceptance, the manuscript proceeds to copyediting, proofreading, typesetting, and other publication preparation procedures. Authors may be asked to review the final proofs to identify typographical or production errors before publication.

Step 5. Publication

Accepted manuscripts are scheduled for publication according to the journal’s editorial workflow, production requirements, and available publication slots.

The time between submission and publication depends on several factors, including the duration of peer review, the time authors take to complete revisions, the need for additional review rounds, and the journal’s publication schedule.

The estimated duration from submission to publication may range from approximately two months to one year. This is an indicative timeframe rather than a guarantee. The time required for peer review and editorial decisions is distinct from the waiting period between acceptance and publication.

Throughout the process, ALSUNIYAT is committed to maintaining the confidentiality, impartiality, and integrity of peer review and editorial decision-making.

1. Journal Overview

ALSUNIYAT: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Arab is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Department of Arabic Education, Faculty of Language and Literature, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, in partnership with IMLA (Association of Arabic Lecturers). The journal publishes scholarly articles in Arabic language education, Arabic linguistics, Arabic literature, and Arab culture. Its scope includes Arabic language and literature learning, innovations in Arabic language and literature education, Arabic linguistics, and the study of Arab culture.

This statement outlines the ethical responsibilities of all parties involved in the publication process, including authors, editors, peer reviewers, the publisher, and other relevant contributors. ALSUNIYAT is committed to maintaining academic integrity, editorial independence, transparency, confidentiality, and responsible scholarly communication.

The journal’s publication ethics policies are informed by the principles and guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing developed by COPE, the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), the Open Access Scholarly Publishing Association (OASPA), and the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME).

2. Ethical Guidelines for Journal Publication

The publication of articles in ALSUNIYAT contributes to the development and dissemination of scholarly knowledge. The journal therefore expects all parties involved in scholarly publishing to uphold high standards of academic integrity and ethical conduct.

The publisher and editorial team are responsible for safeguarding the integrity of the publication process. Editorial decisions must be based on scholarly merit and must not be influenced by commercial interests, sponsorship, personal relationships, or other inappropriate considerations.

ALSUNIYAT is committed to ensuring that publication fees, advertising, reprints, and other commercial arrangements, where applicable, do not influence editorial decisions.

3. Duties and Responsibilities of Editors

3.1. Publication Decisions

The Editor-in-Chief and editorial team are responsible for deciding which submitted manuscripts should be considered for publication in ALSUNIYAT. Editorial decisions are based on the manuscript’s scholarly quality, originality, relevance to the journal’s scope, methodological soundness, contribution to the field, peer-review reports, and compliance with publication ethics.

Editors may consult peer reviewers, members of the editorial board, and other qualified experts when making editorial decisions. Editors must also consider applicable legal requirements concerning copyright, defamation, plagiarism, and other relevant matters.

Editorial decisions must be independent of commercial considerations and must not be influenced by an author's institutional affiliation, nationality, ethnicity, gender, religion, political beliefs, or other irrelevant personal characteristics.

3.2. Fair Play and Editorial Impartiality

Editors must evaluate manuscripts objectively and fairly, regardless of the authors’ personal characteristics, institutional affiliations, geographic origins, or academic status.

Manuscripts must be assessed according to consistent editorial standards and the journal’s published policies. No author or manuscript may receive preferential or discriminatory treatment on grounds unrelated to scholarly merit.

3.3. Confidentiality

Editors and editorial staff must maintain the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts and all information obtained during the editorial and peer-review processes.

Information about a submission may be disclosed only to individuals directly involved in its evaluation or publication, such as the corresponding author, assigned reviewers, authorized editorial advisers, and the publisher, where appropriate.

Editors must not disclose unpublished manuscript content or use information obtained through the editorial process for personal or professional advantage.

In accordance with ALSUNIYAT’s Generative AI Policies, editors must not upload unpublished manuscripts, manuscript files, images, or related confidential information to generative AI platforms.

3.4. Conflicts of Interest

Editors must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflict of interest that could compromise their impartiality. Conflicts may arise from financial interests, personal relationships, professional competition, institutional affiliations, or other connections with authors or their work.

An editor who has a conflict of interest must not handle the manuscript concerned. The manuscript should be reassigned to an appropriately qualified editor who can make an independent decision.

Editors must not use unpublished material disclosed in a submitted manuscript for their own research without the authors’ explicit written permission.

3.5. Allegations of Research Misconduct

Editors must take allegations of research or publication misconduct seriously, whether the allegations concern a submitted manuscript or a published article. Potential misconduct may include plagiarism, data fabrication or falsification, duplicate publication, citation manipulation, authorship misconduct, inappropriate image manipulation, and other breaches of research integrity.

The editorial team will assess the available evidence, seek clarification from the authors when appropriate, and follow relevant publication ethics guidance. Where necessary, the journal may contact the authors’ institutions or other appropriate bodies to support further investigation.

Editorial action will be proportionate to the nature and severity of the identified concern and will be based on the available evidence.

4. Duties and Responsibilities of Peer Reviewers

4.1. Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer reviewers assist editors in evaluating the scholarly quality, originality, validity, and relevance of submitted manuscripts. Their assessments should help editors make informed decisions and, where appropriate, help authors improve their work.

Reviewers must provide constructive, evidence-based, and professionally expressed comments.

4.2. Qualifications and Promptness

Reviewers should accept assignments only when they have appropriate expertise in the subject area and can complete the review within the agreed timeframe.

A reviewer who feels unqualified to assess a manuscript or cannot complete the review promptly must inform the editor and decline the invitation or request an appropriate extension.

4.3. Confidentiality

Manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. Reviewers must not share, distribute, or discuss submitted manuscripts with unauthorized individuals without the editor’s permission.

Reviewers must not use unpublished information, ideas, data, or arguments obtained through peer review for personal or professional advantage.

In accordance with ALSUNIYAT’s Generative AI Policies, reviewers must not upload unpublished manuscripts, supplementary files, images, or other confidential submission materials to generative AI platforms. Reviewers must not use generative AI to evaluate, review, or summarize submitted manuscripts or any portion thereof. The use of generative AI is limited to improving the language of reviewers’ own review notes, subject to the journal’s AI policy. Reviewers remain fully responsible for the accuracy, fairness, and integrity of their evaluations.

4.4. Standards of Objectivity

Reviews must be conducted objectively and professionally. Personal criticism of authors is inappropriate. Reviewers should express their assessments clearly and support their recommendations with relevant arguments and evidence.

Reviewers must distinguish between substantive methodological or scholarly concerns and personal preferences.

4.5. Acknowledgment of Sources

Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors when such work is pertinent to the manuscript. Claims that an observation, argument, method, or finding has previously been reported should be supported by appropriate references.

Reviewers must notify the editor of any substantial similarity, potential plagiarism, duplicate publication, or other possible ethical concern that comes to their attention.

4.6. Conflicts of Interest

Reviewers must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflict of interest that could affect their impartiality. Such conflicts may arise from personal relationships, institutional affiliations, financial interests, professional competition, or collaborative relationships with the authors.

Reviewers who cannot provide an impartial assessment must decline the review assignment or notify the editor so that an alternative reviewer can be appointed.

5. Duties and Responsibilities of Authors

5.1. Reporting Standards

Authors of original research must present an accurate, transparent, and objective account of their research and its significance. Manuscripts should describe the research methods in sufficient detail to allow appropriate scholarly evaluation and, where applicable, replication.

Data, results, interpretations, and conclusions must be reported accurately. Fabricated, falsified, or knowingly misleading statements are unacceptable.

Authors must ensure that the manuscript accurately reflects the research performed and that all reported findings are supported by appropriate evidence.

5.2. Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts constitute original scholarly work. All sources, quotations, ideas, data, methods, and other intellectual contributions obtained from other works must be properly acknowledged and cited.

Plagiarism, including direct plagiarism, mosaic plagiarism, inappropriate paraphrasing, plagiarism of ideas, and unauthorized use of research findings, is prohibited.

ALSUNIYAT screens submitted manuscripts using Turnitin and requires an overall similarity index of less than 15%. The similarity index is not, by itself, conclusive evidence of plagiarism. The editorial team evaluates the nature, context, and extent of identified similarities in accordance with the journal’s Plagiarism Policy.

5.3. Multiple, Redundant, and Concurrent Publication

Authors must not submit the same manuscript simultaneously to more than one journal. Manuscripts must not contain substantially overlapping or redundant publications presented as independent original contributions without appropriate disclosure and justification.

Authors must disclose relevant prior publications, submissions, preprints, or related works when required by the journal’s policies. Any legitimate reuse of previously published material must be appropriately acknowledged and must comply with applicable copyright and licensing requirements.

5.4. Acknowledgment of Sources

Authors must acknowledge all sources that have significantly influenced their research, analysis, or interpretation. References must be accurate, relevant, and verifiable.

Authors must not fabricate references, misrepresent the content of cited sources, or engage in inappropriate citation practices intended to manipulate citation metrics.

5.5. Authorship and Contributorship

Authorship must be based on substantial scholarly contributions to the research and manuscript. Individuals who meet the journal’s authorship criteria should be included as authors, while individuals whose contributions do not meet those criteria should be acknowledged appropriately.

The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all listed authors have approved the final manuscript and agreed to its submission. All authors must accept accountability for their contributions and cooperate in addressing questions concerning the accuracy and integrity of the work.

Changes to authorship, including the addition, removal, or rearrangement of authors, must comply with ALSUNIYAT’s Authorship Criteria and require appropriate justification and agreement from the relevant authors.

Gift authorship, ghost authorship, and other forms of authorship misrepresentation are unacceptable.

5.6. Data Access and Retention

Authors must ensure that research data and materials supporting their findings are accurate and appropriately maintained. Where applicable and ethically permissible, authors should be prepared to provide relevant data or supporting information for editorial assessment and scholarly verification.

Authors should retain research data for a reasonable period in accordance with applicable institutional requirements, disciplinary standards, legal obligations, and ethical considerations.

Data sharing must respect confidentiality, privacy, informed consent, intellectual property rights, and any restrictions imposed by research ethics approval or relevant agreements.

5.7. Research Ethics and Ethical Oversight

Authors must ensure that their research complies with applicable ethical standards and relevant institutional, national, and international requirements.

Research involving human participants, animals, sensitive personal information, or other ethically regulated materials must receive appropriate ethical review or approval where required. Authors must report relevant ethics approval and informed consent information in the manuscript when applicable.

Authors must protect the rights, dignity, safety, and confidentiality of research participants. Any limitations on data access or publication arising from ethical obligations must be respected.

5.8. Disclosure of Funding and Conflicts of Interest

Authors must disclose all sources of financial support for the research and, where relevant, describe the role of the funder in the research design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and publication process.

Authors must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest that could influence or be perceived to influence their research or its interpretation. Such conflicts may include financial relationships, employment, consultancies, personal relationships, institutional affiliations, or other relevant interests.

If no competing interests exist, authors should provide an appropriate declaration in accordance with the journal’s submission requirements.

5.9. Responsible Use of Generative AI

Authors must comply with ALSUNIYAT’s Generative AI Policies when using generative AI or AI-assisted technologies during research and manuscript preparation.

Generative AI tools cannot be listed as authors. Authors remain fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, validity, and integrity of all submitted content.

Any use of generative AI must be disclosed in the manuscript’s Declaration of AI-Assisted Technologies section, specifying the tool’s name, version where applicable, scope of use, and purpose of application, in accordance with the journal’s policy.

ALSUNIYAT does not currently establish a fixed AI writing detection score threshold. AI detection results may be considered as supplementary information during editorial assessment but are not, by themselves, definitive evidence of misconduct.

Authors must comply with the journal’s restrictions on the use of generative AI, including its prohibition on using generative AI to create or manipulate images, figures, and original research data intended for publication, as specified in the Generative AI Policies.

5.10. Correction of Errors in Published Work

If authors discover a significant error or inaccuracy in their published article, they must promptly notify the editor and cooperate in assessing the issue and determining the appropriate corrective action.

Depending on the nature and significance of the error, the journal may publish a correction, an expression of concern, or a retraction in accordance with its post-publication policies and applicable publication ethics guidance.

6. Plagiarism Screening and Academic Misconduct

ALSUNIYAT evaluates potential plagiarism and other forms of academic misconduct in accordance with its dedicated Plagiarism Policy.

The journal distinguishes between text similarity and confirmed plagiarism. A similarity score alone does not determine whether a violation has occurred. The editorial team assesses the relevant passages, source attribution, context, and evidence before determining an appropriate response.

Possible editorial actions include requesting revisions, seeking clarification, rejecting a manuscript, conducting further investigation, or taking appropriate post-publication action when a violation is confirmed.

Suspected inappropriate use of AI is assessed in accordance with the journal’s Generative AI Policies. AI writing detection scores are not used as the sole basis for determining misconduct or rejecting a manuscript.

7. Complaints and Appeals

ALSUNIYAT is committed to handling complaints and appeals fairly, transparently, and in a timely manner.

Authors may appeal an editorial decision by submitting a reasoned explanation to the editorial team. An appeal should identify the decision being challenged and provide specific grounds supported by relevant evidence. The editor or an appropriately designated independent editorial representative will assess the appeal, taking into account the original decision, reviewer comments, the journal’s policies, and the information submitted by the authors.

Complaints concerning editorial conduct, peer review, publication procedures, or potential breaches of publication ethics may be submitted to the editorial team through the journal’s official communication channels. Complaints will be assessed impartially and confidentially, and the complainant may be asked to provide supporting information.

Where a complaint concerns the Editor-in-Chief or a person directly involved in handling the case, the matter should be referred to an appropriate independent representative of the journal or publisher.

An appeal or complaint does not guarantee a change in the original decision. All cases will be assessed according to the available evidence and the journal’s established procedures.

8. Handling Allegations of Research Misconduct

ALSUNIYAT takes allegations of research misconduct seriously, whether they arise before or after publication. Allegations may concern plagiarism, data fabrication or falsification, duplicate publication, inappropriate authorship, citation manipulation, undisclosed conflicts of interest, image manipulation, or other breaches of scholarly integrity.

When an allegation is received, the editorial team will:

1. Conduct an initial assessment to determine whether the allegation raises a credible concern and whether sufficient information is available for further review.
2. Preserve the confidentiality of the case as far as reasonably possible and protect the integrity of the editorial process.
3. Request an explanation or supporting information from the relevant authors or parties when appropriate.
4. Examine the available evidence and, where necessary, consult independent experts or contact the relevant research institution or other appropriate authority.
5. Determine the appropriate editorial action based on the findings and applicable publication ethics guidance.

The journal will distinguish between an allegation and a substantiated violation. Authors and other parties involved will be given an appropriate opportunity to respond where relevant.

Where an investigation requires institutional involvement, ALSUNIYAT may refer the matter to the relevant institution, particularly when the issue concerns research conduct beyond the journal’s editorial remit.

9. Corrections, Retractions, and Post-Publication Issues

ALSUNIYAT is committed to maintaining the accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record after publication.

If a published article is found to contain an error or issue affecting its accuracy, reliability, or ethical integrity, the editorial team will assess the available evidence and determine the appropriate action.

Depending on the circumstances, the journal may:

• Publish a correction when a specific error can be corrected without invalidating the overall reliability of the article.
• Publish an expression of concern when there are substantial unresolved concerns about the reliability or integrity of an article and further investigation is necessary.
• Retract an article when evidence demonstrates that its findings or conclusions are unreliable, or when serious ethical or publication misconduct warrants retraction.

Corrections, expressions of concern, and retraction notices will clearly identify the affected article and explain the reason for the action. The notices will be linked to the original publication to maintain transparency and preserve the scholarly record.

Retractions are intended to correct the scholarly record and alert readers to unreliable content, rather than to serve solely as punishment for authors. Decisions will be made in accordance with the evidence, the nature of the problem, and relevant publication ethics guidance.

10. Confidentiality and Intellectual Property

All parties involved in the publication process must respect the confidentiality and intellectual property rights associated with submitted and published work.

Unpublished manuscripts, peer-review reports, editorial correspondence, and confidential research materials must not be disclosed or used without appropriate authorization.

Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce copyrighted material where required and for complying with the journal’s copyright and licensing policies.

Editors and reviewers must not use confidential information obtained through their editorial roles for personal, academic, or commercial advantage.

11. Editorial Independence and Publisher Responsibilities

The publisher supports the editorial team in maintaining transparent, fair, and ethical publication practices. The publisher must not improperly influence editorial decisions on the basis of financial, commercial, institutional, or personal interests.

The Editor-in-Chief and editorial team retain responsibility for editorial decisions within the journal’s established policies and procedures. Any commercial arrangements, publication fees, or other business practices must be managed transparently and must not compromise the integrity of peer review or scholarly evaluation.

The publisher and editorial team are responsible for reviewing and updating relevant policies as necessary to maintain consistency with evolving publication ethics standards.

12. Relevant Policies and Ethical Guidelines

This statement should be read together with the following ALSUNIYAT policies:

• Plagiarism Policy
• Generative AI Policies
• Authorship Criteria
• Copyright Notice and License

Relevant external guidance includes:

• Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE): https://publicationethics.org/
• Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.12
• COPE Retraction Guidelines: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.4

ALSUNIYAT is committed to periodically reviewing this statement and its related policies to promote responsible research, ethical authorship, transparent editorial practices, and the integrity of scholarly publishing.

ALSUNIYAT: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Arab, published by the Department of Arabic Education, Faculty of Language and Literature, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, is committed to maintaining academic integrity, originality, transparency, and ethical scholarly publishing. The journal does not tolerate plagiarism or other forms of academic misconduct. All submitted manuscripts must represent original scholarly work, acknowledge the intellectual contributions of others appropriately, and comply with the journal’s publication ethics and author guidelines.

This policy establishes the procedures for plagiarism screening, the assessment of text similarity and AI writing detection results, and the editorial actions taken when potential plagiarism or other academic integrity violations are identified.

1. Plagiarism Screening Using Turnitin

All manuscripts submitted to ALSUNIYAT are subject to plagiarism screening using Turnitin as part of the initial editorial assessment. Authors are required to ensure that their manuscripts have an overall similarity index of less than 15%.

The editorial team examines the Turnitin Similarity Report to identify potential text overlap with previously published articles, academic documents, online sources, and other materials available in the database. The report supports the identification of passages that may require further examination, including unattributed quotations, inadequate paraphrasing, duplicated text, and inappropriate reuse of previously published material.

The similarity index is an initial screening indicator and does not, by itself, establish whether plagiarism has occurred. The editorial team evaluates the nature, source, context, and extent of the identified similarities, including citation practices, quotations, references, standard terminology, and potentially duplicated material.

Manuscripts that do not meet the journal’s similarity requirements may be returned to the authors for revision or rejected during the initial editorial screening, depending on the nature and severity of the findings. ALSUNIYAT reserves the right to conduct an independent Turnitin examination to verify the originality of a submitted manuscript.

2. Artificial Intelligence (AI) Writing Detection

ALSUNIYAT may use Turnitin AI Writing Detection, where available and applicable, as a supplementary tool to support the editorial assessment of submitted manuscripts. The journal does not currently establish a fixed threshold for AI writing detection scores. Therefore, no manuscript will be rejected solely on the basis of an AI writing detection score.

AI writing detection results are treated as preliminary indicators rather than definitive evidence of inappropriate AI use or academic misconduct. The editorial team evaluates any concerns in the context of the manuscript’s content, originality, scholarly contribution, accuracy, and compliance with ALSUNIYAT’s Generative AI Policies.

Authors are fully responsible for the accuracy, originality, validity, and integrity of their manuscripts, regardless of whether AI-assisted technologies have been used. Any use of generative AI must be disclosed in the Declaration of AI-Assisted Technologies section of the manuscript, specifying the name of the tool, including its version where applicable, the scope of its use, and the purpose of its application, in accordance with the journal’s Generative AI Policies.

If concerns arise regarding the inappropriate use of AI or the integrity of a manuscript, the editorial team may request clarification or additional information from the authors and conduct further editorial assessment before making a decision. Editorial decisions will be based on the available evidence and the journal’s publication ethics policies, rather than on AI detection scores alone.

3. Types of Plagiarism and Academic Misconduct

ALSUNIYAT prohibits plagiarism and other practices that undermine scholarly integrity, including but not limited to the following:

1. Direct plagiarism: Reproducing another person’s words, sentences, or passages without appropriate quotation, acknowledgment, or citation.
2. Mosaic plagiarism: Combining phrases, sentences, or passages from one or more sources without adequate acknowledgment or appropriate paraphrasing.
3. Inadequate paraphrasing: Rewriting another author’s ideas or arguments while retaining their substantive content without proper attribution.
4. Plagiarism of ideas: Presenting another researcher’s original ideas, arguments, interpretations, theoretical frameworks, or intellectual contributions as one’s own.
5. Plagiarism of data, methods, or findings: Using another researcher’s data, research findings, analytical procedures, figures, or other scholarly contributions without appropriate acknowledgment or authorization where required.
6. Self-plagiarism and redundant publication: Reusing substantial portions of one’s previously published work without appropriate acknowledgment or presenting substantially overlapping work as a new scholarly contribution.
7. Inappropriate source attribution: Omitting relevant citations, providing misleading citations, or failing to acknowledge the original sources of borrowed material.
8. Other forms of academic misconduct: Including the fabrication or falsification of research data, the use of unverifiable or fabricated references, and the misrepresentation of research findings or intellectual contributions.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all sources are properly acknowledged and that the manuscript accurately represents their own research and scholarly contributions.

4. Similarity Threshold and Editorial Assessment

ALSUNIYAT applies the following screening criteria:

A similarity index below 15% does not automatically guarantee that a manuscript is free from plagiarism. Similarly, a similarity index above the journal’s threshold does not automatically establish that plagiarism has occurred. The editorial team considers the specific passages, sources, attribution practices, and circumstances before deciding on the appropriate action.

AI writing detection is evaluated separately from text similarity. Neither result should be interpreted as a substitute for editorial judgment or a comprehensive assessment of research integrity.

5. Editorial Actions and Penalties

When potential plagiarism or other academic integrity concerns are identified, the editorial team assesses the evidence and determines the appropriate action according to the nature and severity of the violation.

5.1. Minor Violations

Minor violations may include limited textual overlap, isolated passages requiring better citation, or inadequate attribution that does not involve substantial appropriation of another person’s ideas, data, or findings.

Possible editorial actions:

• Requesting manuscript revision and proper citation of the original sources.
• Issuing a warning to the authors where appropriate.
• Conducting an additional similarity check after revision.

5.2. Substantial Violations

Substantial violations may include significant unattributed passages, extensive inappropriate paraphrasing, or the unauthorized use of another publication’s ideas, data, methods, or findings.

Possible editorial actions:

• Returning the manuscript for clarification or further investigation.
• Rejecting the manuscript when the violation is substantiated.
• Taking additional measures where warranted by the evidence and applicable publication ethics procedures.

5.3. Severe Violations

Severe violations may include extensive plagiarism, reproduction of substantial portions of another work, appropriation of research results or data, or other serious and substantiated breaches of research integrity.

Possible editorial actions:

• Rejecting the manuscript.
• Conducting a further investigation into the suspected misconduct.
• Considering additional measures in accordance with the seriousness of the case and applicable publication ethics procedures.

The categories above guide editorial assessment and do not replace case-by-case evaluation. A similarity percentage or AI writing detection score alone will not automatically determine the applicable penalty.

6. Handling Suspected or Confirmed Violations

When potential plagiarism or other academic integrity violations are identified, the editorial team may contact the corresponding author to request clarification, supporting information, or an explanation of the findings. Authors are expected to cooperate with the editorial investigation.

For manuscripts that have not yet been published, the editorial team may request revisions, suspend editorial processing while the matter is investigated, or reject the submission, as appropriate.

If a violation is confirmed after publication, ALSUNIYAT may take appropriate post-publication action, including issuing a correction, an expression of concern, or a retraction, depending on the nature and seriousness of the violation.

Cases will be handled in accordance with applicable publication ethics principles and relevant guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Editorial decisions will be based on the available evidence, the authors’ explanations where applicable, and the journal’s publication ethics policies.

7. Author Responsibilities

Authors are responsible for ensuring that their manuscripts are original, properly referenced, and compliant with ALSUNIYAT’s publication ethics requirements.

The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all co-authors understand and comply with the journal’s requirements. Authors must:

1. Ensure that all borrowed words, ideas, data, methods, and other intellectual contributions are properly acknowledged.
2. Use quotation marks and appropriate citations when reproducing text verbatim.
3. Paraphrase source material appropriately and provide citations to the original sources.
4. Ensure that the manuscript does not contain plagiarized, fabricated, falsified, or misleading material.
5. Disclose the use of generative AI in accordance with ALSUNIYAT’s Generative AI Policies.
6. Verify the accuracy and reliability of references, factual claims, data, and research findings, including content produced or assisted by AI tools.
7. Respond to editorial requests for clarification concerning similarity reports or potential academic integrity violations.

Compliance with the journal’s similarity threshold does not exempt authors from their broader responsibilities concerning academic integrity, originality, and ethical scholarly communication.

8. Relationship with the Generative AI Policies

This Plagiarism Policy should be read together with ALSUNIYAT’s Generative AI Policies, which regulate the responsible use of generative AI by authors, editors, and peer reviewers.

The use of generative AI does not remove authors’ responsibility for the originality, accuracy, and integrity of their manuscripts. Authors must comply with the journal’s AI disclosure requirements and restrictions, including the prohibition on using generative AI to create or manipulate images, figures, and original research data intended for publication, as specified in the Generative AI Policies.

Suspected inappropriate AI use will be assessed in accordance with the relevant AI policy and the available evidence. AI writing detection results alone will not be treated as conclusive proof of plagiarism or academic misconduct.

References and Ethical Guidelines

The following author fees are assessed by this journal:

Submission Fee: IDR 0.00

There is no article submission fee. Authors are not required to pay any fees during the submission and peer-review process.

Publication Fee: USD 150 / IDR 2,000,000

Effective from the April 2026 issue, authors whose manuscripts are accepted for publication are required to pay an article processing charge (APC) of USD 150 or IDR 2,000,000.

The APC covers the costs associated with manuscript layout and formatting, proofreading, and editorial preparation to ensure the quality, readability, and presentation of published articles.

Alsuniyat: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Arab

INTRODUCTION

This policy is formulated with reference to the official guidelines outlined in Generative AI Policies for Journals provided by the following organizations:

• Elsevier: The application of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies within the review process
• WAME: Chatbots, generative AI, and scholarly manuscripts

The editorial management of Alsuniyat: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya Arab recognizes the vital role of artificial intelligence (AI) and its potential to facilitate research and writing processes. Alsuniyat welcomes the opportunities offered by generative AI tools, particularly in triggering ideas, accelerating research, analyzing data, refining writing quality, organizing manuscripts, assisting non-native authors, and streamlining the dissemination of research findings. Accordingly, Alsuniyat provides guidance for authors, editors, and reviewers regarding the use of such technologies, with policies to be updated periodically alongside the ongoing evolution of AI.

Generative AI technologies—such as large language models (LLMs) and multimodal models—are rapidly evolving for both professional and public domains. While offering significant potential to boost author creativity, utilizing the current generation of these tools carries several risks. Generative AI can produce diverse content formats, ranging from text generation, image synthesis, audio, to synthetic data. Prominent examples of popular tools currently include ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini, Claude, NovelAI, Jasper AI, DALL-E, Midjourney, and Runway.

Key risks inherent in operating current generative AI tools include:

• Inaccuracy and Bias: Generative AI tools operate on statistical models rather than factual verification. Consequently, they risk generating inaccurate information, factual errors (often referred to as AI hallucinations), or biases that may be difficult to detect, verify, and correct.
• Lack of Source Attribution: Generative AI tools frequently disregard global scholarly community standards regarding proper and accurate citation, quotation, and idea attribution.
• Confidentiality and Intellectual Property Risks: Most generative AI platforms are operated by third parties that may not guarantee adequate protection for privacy, data security, or intellectual property rights.
• Misuse of User Data: AI service providers may repurpose input and output data generated from user interactions (e.g., for AI model training), which could potentially infringe upon the copyright rights of authors and publishers.

AUTHORS

Authors are permitted to utilize generative AI tools (such as ChatGPT or other GPT models) for specific needs, such as refining language delivery, improving grammar, and enhancing manuscript readability. Nevertheless, authors retain full responsibility for the originality, validity, and integrity of the submitted manuscript. Any use of generative AI must be conducted ethically and comply with the journal's editorial policies regarding authorship and publication ethics. This responsibility includes thoroughly reviewing all AI outputs to verify the truthfulness and accuracy of the content.

Alsuniyat supports the responsible use of generative AI while upholding high standards of confidentiality, data security, and copyright protection in areas such as:

• Idea generation and research exploration
• Language alignment and quality enhancement
• Interactive online searches using LLM-enhanced search engines
• Literature classification
• Coding assistance

Authors must guarantee that the entire manuscript content meets rigorous standards of scientific assessment and is solely the product of the authors' own research.

Generative AI tools cannot be credited as authors because they lack the legal capacity to take responsibility for manuscript content or to manage licensing and copyright agreements. Authorship demands accountability for the content, consent to sign publishing agreements, and contractual guarantees regarding the integrity of the work—responsibilities that can exclusively be fulfilled by humans.

Authors must include a clear disclosure statement regarding any use of generative AI tools in their manuscript, specifying the complete name of the tool (including version number), the scope of use, and the rationale behind it. This statement must be placed in Declaration of AI-Assisted Technologies section. This transparency enables editors to assess the application of AI objectively. Alsuniyat maintains full discretion regarding work publication to ensure that scientific integrity standards are upheld.

Authors intending to use an AI platform must ensure that the tool is reliable and appropriate for its intended research purpose, while verifying that the platform's terms provide adequate safeguards for copyright, security, and data confidentiality.

Authors must refrain from submitting manuscripts that utilize generative AI in ways that compromise academic integrity, such as:

• Generating text or code without rigorous human revision
• Creating synthetic data to replace missing data without a valid scientific methodology
• Producing inaccurate content of any kind, including within abstracts or supplementary materials

Any indication of non-compliance with the points above may trigger an editorial investigation.

Alsuniyat strictly prohibits the use of generative AI to create or manipulate images, figures, and original research data intended for publication. The term "images and figures" encompasses photographs, charts, data tables, medical imagery, image snippets, formulas, and computer code. "Manipulation" refers to concealing, adding, moving, removing, or altering specific features within an image or figure.

Human oversight and transparency must serve as foundational principles guiding the use of AI throughout every stage of the research process. As global research ethics guidelines continue to evolve, Alsuniyat will regularly update these editorial guidelines accordingly.

EDITORS AND PEER REVIEWERS

Alsuniyat is committed to upholding the highest standards of editorial integrity and transparency. Inputting manuscript content into generative AI systems carries the risk of breaching privacy, proprietary rights, and data confidentiality. Consequently, editors and peer reviewers are strictly prohibited from uploading files, images, or information from unpublished manuscripts into any generative AI platform. Non-compliance with this policy may infringe upon the intellectual property rights of the copyright holder.

Editors Editors play a pivotal role in safeguarding the quality and validity of scholarly articles. Therefore, editors are required to maintain strict confidentiality regarding all submission details and the peer review process.

Uploading manuscript materials into generative AI platforms creates significant confidentiality risks and potential intellectual property violations. On this basis, editors are strictly prohibited from uploading unpublished manuscripts—including associated files, images, or related information—into generative AI tools.

Peer Reviewers Peer reviewers, selected based on their subject-matter expertise, must refrain from using generative AI to evaluate, review, or summarize submitted manuscripts or any portion thereof. Accordingly, peer reviewers are prohibited from uploading unpublished drafts, proposals, supplementary files, or images into AI systems.

The use of generative AI by peer reviewers is strictly limited to improving the language delivery of their review notes. Full accountability for the accuracy and integrity of the evaluation remains entirely with the reviewer.