PENGARUH PENCAMPURAN MORDAN TAWAS DAN KAPUR SIRIH DENGAN FIKSASI TUNJUNG TERHADAP HASIL ECOPRINT PADA BAHAN SUTRA MENGGUNAKAN DAUN MINDI (MELIA AZEDARACH L.) DENGAN BLANKET SECANG

Che Ezra Arifath, Adriani Adriani

Abstract


This study aimed to analyze the effect of alum and slaked lime mordants, both individually and in combination, with ferrous sulfate fixation on ecoprint results on silk fabric using Melia azedarach L. leaves and a sappanwood blanket. This research applied an experimental method with four treatments: without mordant, alum mordant, slaked lime mordant, and a combination of alum and slaked lime mordants. The observed parameters included color name (hue), motif clarity, and color fastness to washing. Data were collected through observations by 18 panelists and analyzed descriptively and by using the Friedman test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that mordant variation produced differences in hue, motif clarity, and washing fastness. The combination of alum and slaked lime generated more intense colors, namely Earthy Brown on the leaf blade and Light Mocha on the midrib, and produced the clearest motif category. The Friedman test showed a significance value of 0.001 (<0.05), indicating significant differences among treatments. Mechanistically, alum supports pigment-fiber complex formation, slaked lime modifies alkalinity and pigment penetration, and ferrous sulfate strengthens the tannin/phenolic complexes on silk fibroin. This study contributes a practical formulation for improving the visual quality and durability of ecoprint on silk fabric for small-scale ecoprint production and vocational textile learning.

 

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh mordan tawas dan kapur sirih, baik secara tunggal maupun campuran, dengan fiksasi tunjung terhadap hasil ecoprint pada kain sutra menggunakan daun mindi (Melia azedarach L.) dengan blanket secang. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan empat perlakuan, yaitu tanpa mordan, mordan tawas, mordan kapur sirih, serta kombinasi mordan tawas dan kapur sirih. Parameter yang diamati meliputi nama warna (hue), kejelasan motif, dan ketahanan luntur warna terhadap pencucian. Data diperoleh melalui observasi 18 panelis, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan menggunakan uji Friedman pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi mordan menghasilkan perbedaan warna, kejelasan motif, dan ketahanan luntur. Kombinasi tawas dan kapur sirih menghasilkan warna lebih pekat, yaitu Earthy Brown pada daging daun dan Light Mocha pada ibu tulang daun, serta menghasilkan kategori motif paling jelas. Uji Friedman menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,001 (<0,05), yang berarti terdapat perbedaan nyata antarperlakuan. Secara mekanisme, tawas membantu pembentukan kompleks pigmen-serat, kapur sirih mengubah alkalinitas dan penetrasi pigmen, sedangkan tunjung memperkuat kompleks tanin/fenolik pada fibroin sutra. Penelitian ini memberikan formulasi praktis untuk meningkatkan kualitas visual dan daya tahan ecoprint pada kain sutra bagi produksi ecoprint skala kecil dan pembelajaran vokasi tekstil.


Keywords


Ecoprint; Daun Mindi; Mordan; Kain Sutra; Pewarna Alami

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/e.v25i2.103143

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