Implikasi Kebijakan Moneter terhadap Nilai Tukar: Analisis Komparatif Data Panel pada Negara dengan Sistem Moneter Stabil dan Rentan

Dilla Wijayati, Didit Purnomo

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh suku bunga, inflasi, dan jumlah uang beredar terhadap nilai tukar serta membandingkan hubungannya pada negara dengan sistem moneter stabil dan rentan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis data panel tahunan periode 2013–2023 pada 20 negara yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok berdasarkan karakteristik ekonomi. Data sekunder diperoleh dari World Development Indicators (WDI) dan dianalisis menggunakan EViews. Pemilihan model dilakukan melalui uji Chow, Hausman, dan Lagrange Multiplier (LM), dilanjutkan dengan uji F, uji t, dan koefisien determinasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model terbaik untuk Kelompok A adalah Random Effect Model (REM), sedangkan Kelompok B menggunakan Fixed Effect Model (FEM). Suku bunga tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai tukar pada kedua kelompok. Jumlah uang beredar berpengaruh positif dan signifikan pada kedua kelompok, sedangkan inflasi berpengaruh positif pada Kelompok A dan negatif pada Kelompok B. Temuan ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan hubungan variabel moneter dengan nilai tukar antarkelompok negara, terutama pada pengaruh inflasi, sehingga karakteristik ekonomi perlu dipertimbangkan dalam analisis nilai tukar.

Keywords


Inflasi; Jumlah Uang Beredar; Nilai Tukar; Sistem Moneter; Suku Bunga.

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References


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Ansar, R. F., Muhajra, N., & Solikahan, E. Z. (2024). Analisis pengaruh inflasi, suku bunga dan jumlah uang beredar terhadap nilai tukar. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis, 7(2), 772–779.

Bui, T. T., & Gábor, K. D. (2021). Measuring monetary policy by money supply and interest rate : evidence from emerging economies. sciedo, 21(3), 347–367. https://doi.org/10.2478/revecp-2021-0015

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Ito, H., & Kawai, M. (2024). Journal of international money and finance. Journal of International Money and Finance, 10(4), 597–599. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5606(91)90012-9

Ko, H., & Win, W. (2024). Dynamic Relationships Among Money Supply , Inflation and Exchange Rates in ASEAN : A Panel VAR Approach. International Journal of Science and Social science Research (IJSSSR), 2(3), 129–137.

Maqfirah, D., & Khairita. (2026). Inflation , Interest Rates , and Money Supply as Drivers of Exchange Rate Movements in ASEAN Countries. Majalah Bisnis dan IPTEK, 19(1), 22–32.

Murad, S. M. W. (2022). The role of domestic and foreign economic uncertainties in determining the foreign exchange rates: an extended monetary approach. Journal of Economics and Finance, 46(4), 666–677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12197-022-09589-5

Narayan, P. K. (2022). Understanding exchange rate shocks during COVID-19. Finance Research Letters, 45, 102181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.102181

Pratiwik, E., & Prajanti, S. D. W. (2023). Rupiah exchange rate : The determinants and impact of shocks on the economy. Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan, 24. https://doi.org/10.18196/jesp.v24i1.18016

Ratnasari, F. D., Desvita Tiara Maharani, Najwa Jawahir Gholiyah, Tara Aulia Nabilatuzzahra, & Amalia Nuril Hidayati. (2026). Stability of Indonesia’S Islamic (Sharia) Financial System: Facing Energy Price Shocks and Inflation Due To the Closure of the Strait of Hormuz. Budi Luhur Journal of Strategic & Global Studies, 4(2), 78–95. https://doi.org/10.36080/jsgs.v4i2.77

Rohman, A. L., Rahmatullah, M. S., Alexander, B., & W, M. R. M. A. (2025). Pengaruh Inflasi , Suku Bunga , Cadangan Devisa , Jumlah Uang Beredar Terhadap Nilai Tukar Rupiah. Journal of Economic and Policy Studies (JEPS), 6(2), 111–121.

Salasa, I., Maramis, M. T. B., & Sari, G. N. (2026). PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN MONETER DAN VARIABEL MAKROEKONOMI TERHADAP NILAI TUKAR DI LIMA NEGARA ASEAN. Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Efisiensi, 26.

Salisu, fees A., Research, D. J. P., & Hammed, Y. S. (2025). Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking Health Crisis and Currency Risk : Fresh Evidence from New Data Sets. 28(1), 1–14.

Utmaa, S. S., & A, E. S. (2025). ANALYZING OF BI RATE, EXCHANGE RATE, AND MONEY SUPPLY ON INFLATION: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA. WELFARE JURNAL ILMU EKONOMI, 6(2).

Zakaria, M., Tanveer, S., Fida, B. A., & Iftikhar ul Husnain, M. (2023). Inflation Differential Pass-Through to Exchange Rate: Some Evidence From Pakistan. SAGE Open, 13(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231221316




DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/ijdb.v6i1.106925

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