Observing River Morphology Dynamics in the Upper Senowo River (Merapi Volcano) to Promote Environmental Awareness of Lahar Hazards

Tiara Handayani, Mukhamad Ngainul Malawani

Abstract


Merapi Volcano experienced a significant eruption in 2010, which deposited large amounts of pyroclastic material along its slopes and valleys. The Senowo River, located on the western flank of this volcano, has been a significant lahar flow channel since 2010. This study aims to investigate the morphodynamics of the upper Senowo River between 2012 and 2014. Two datasets from LiDAR dan UAV data acquisition were used to assess these changes: Orthophotos and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) from 2012 and 2014. Orthophotos were used to identify changes in channel shape and width, while the DEM of Difference (DoD) method was applied to measure vertical changes in the riverbed. LiDAR dan UAV method are highly favorable for detailed morphological analysis. Currently, the UAV method is the handiest and most cost-effective to conduct. Field surveys were conducted to observe geomorphic features directly. Results showed significant valley widening (~98,845 m2) and riverbed aggradation (~9.4 m) caused by continued sediment transport since the 2010 eruption. Natural geomorphic features such as meandering rivers, deep U-shaped channels, and unstable slopes control these dynamics. Although this area is far from residents, it remains highly susceptible to secondary volcanic hazards, especially during the rainy season. This study highlights the importance of risk mitigation strategies, particularly the use of LiDAR and UAV for monitoring  river dynamics to improve disaster awareness and preparedness.

Keywords


Awarness; Lahar; River Dynamics; Risk; Volcano

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpis.v34i1.84637

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