Critical Literacy as a Strategy for Strengthening Adolescents’ National Identity in the Face of the Hallyu Wave

Nurmalasari Nurmalasari, Aditya Candra Lesmana, Wahyu Gunawan

Abstract


This study examines the "Wave to Worth" empowerment program in strengthening nationalism through critical literacy on the Hallyu wave among third-year students at SMP Negeri 2 Cianjur. Using a participatory approach and the frameworks of hegemony and Steven Lukes’ three-dimensional theory of power, the five-week program (September–October 2025) included pre-tests, interactive sessions, group discussions, creative projects, and post-tests.Paired Samples T-Test results showed significant improvements in students’ conceptual understanding and critical attitudes toward popular culture. Class IX.3 scores increased from 1.44 to 4.31 (t = -16.406, p < 0.05), while Class IX.10 improved from 1.70 to 4.67 (t = -15.240, p < 0.05). Students demonstrated greater ability to recognize media influence, distinguish personal preferences from external pressures, and appreciate local culture. These findings indicate that participatory, bottom-up education can effectively counter cultural hegemony and foster critical nationalism among the digital generation.

Keywords


Adolescent Identity ; Critical Media Literacy ; Empowerment Program ; Hallyu Wave ; Hegemony ; Nationalism

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpis.v35i1.93297

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