UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERFIKIR ANALITIS MELALUI MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL)

Asrani Assegaff, Uep Tatang Sontani

Abstract


Banyak upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir analitis siswa di sekolah, salah satunya dengan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL). Hal ini sejalan dengan pendapat menurut Perez dan Uline (Schechter, 2011) bahwa PBL telah banyak dipahami sebagai manfaat bagi mempersiapkan para pemimpin sekolah dengan berkontribusi terhadap kemampuan berfikir analitis dan strategis mereka. Selain itu, John Dewey (Miller, 2004) yang merupakan seorang filsuf dan pendidik, menjelaskan bahwa "masalah adalah stimulus untuk berfikir”. Kedua pendapat tersebut menguatkan bahwa PBL berkontribusi baik bagi para guru maupun siswa untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir analitis dan strategi dalam pembelajaran. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen, dan bentuk kuasi eksperimen yang dipilih adalah Nonequivqlenty Control Group Design. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan tes, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan uji-t untuk melihat perbedaan peningkatan kemampuan berfikir analitis antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu Kelas XI AP 4 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan Kelas XI AP 2 sebagai kelas kontrol. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kemampuan berfikir analitis yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dengan kelas kontrol yang menggunakan model Guide Discovery Learning. Namun, perolehan rata-rata skor kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol. Artinya, sekolah dapat menerapkan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir analitis siswa.

Kata Kunci: problem based learning, guide discovery learning, berfikir analitis.

 

IMPROVED ABILITY TO ANALYTICAL THINKING WITH  A PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL

Many efforts should be made to improve analytical thinking ability of students in the school, one of them with a Model Problem Based Learning (PBL). This is in line with the opinion by Perez and Uline (Schechter, 2011) that PBL has been widely understood as the benefits to prepare school leaders to contribute to the ability to think analytically and strategically them. In addition, John Dewey (Miller, 2004) which is a philosopher and educator, explained that "the problem is the stimulus to think." Second opinions reinforces that PBL contribute both for teachers and students to improve think analytically and strategies in learning. this study using a quasi-experimental, and form a quasi-experimental chosen is Nonequivqlenty Control Group Design. the data collection technique using tests, observation and documentation, while data analysis techniques using t-test to see differences increase the ability to think analytically between the experimental class and control class. this research subject is class XI AP 4 as an experimental class and class XI AP 2 as a control group. the results of the study showed that an increase in the ability to think analytically significant among experimental class using the model of Problem Based Learning (PBL) with grade control using a model of Discovery Learning Guide. However, the acquisition of the average score of the experimental class is higher than the control class. That is, schools can apply the model of Problem Based Learning (PBL) to improve students' ability to think analytically.

Keywords: problem based learning, guide discovery learning, analytical thinking


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.17509/jpm.v1i1.3263

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